ArticleDemography2016
SES Gradients Among Mexicans in the United States and in Mexico: A New Twist to the Hispanic Paradox?
Article in Demography, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Latino Immigrants to the USA.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Association between migration and cardiovascular health in Mexicans: a binational analysis using the Hispanic Community Health Study (HCHS/SOL) and Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS).Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Article
- The Latino health experience: Past and future.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Social, psychological, and cultural dimensions of cardiovascular health among Hispanic/Latino adults: A narrative review of findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Review
- Immigrant Health Advantage? The Birth Outcomes of U.S.-Born Women in Mexico and Mexican-Origin Women in the United States.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- Critical analyses of Latina mortality: disentangling the heterogeneity of ethnic origin, place, nativity, race, and socioeconomic status.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Metabolic syndrome traits exhibit genotype-by-environment interaction in relation to socioeconomic status in the Mexican American family heart study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Disruption and selection: the income gradient in mortality among natives and migrants in Sweden.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Associations between Socioeconomic Status and Psychological Distress: An Analysis of Disaggregated Latinx Subgroups Using Data from the National Health Interview Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Associations between socioeconomic status and pregnancy outcomes: a greater magnitude of inequalities in perinatal health in Montreal than in Brussels.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Contextualizing Educational Disparities in Health: Variations by Race/Ethnicity, Nativity, and County-Level Characteristics.Demography · 2022Article
- Mexican immigrant health advantage in metabolic syndrome? Examining the contributions of demographic, socioeconomic, and health behavior characteristics.SSM - population health · 2021Article
- The Weight of Migration: Reconsidering Health Selection and Return Migration among Mexicans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Do associations between education and obesity vary depending on the measure of obesity used? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.SSM - population health · 2021Review
- Association of Subjective Social Status With Life's Simple 7s Cardiovascular Health Index Among Hispanic/Latino People: Results From the HCHS/SOL.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- An Exploration of the Relationship Between Diabetes and Depression Among Immigrants in the United States.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2021Article
- The Association Between Spousal Education and Cognitive Ability Among Older Mexican Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2020Article
- Racial disparities in mortality in the adult hispanic population.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Racial stratification in self-rated health among Black Mexicans and White Mexicans.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Advancing the study of health inequality: Fundamental causes as systems of exposure.SSM - population health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent empirical findings have suggested the existence of a twist in the Hispanic paradox, in which Mexican and other Hispanic foreign-born migrants living in the United States experience shallower socioeconomic status (SES) health disparities than those in the U.S. POPULATION: In this article, we seek to replicate this finding and test conjectures that could explain this new observed phenomenon using objective indicators of adult health by educational attainment in several groups: (1) Mexican-born individuals living in Mexico and in the United States, (2) U.S.-born Mexican Americans, and (3) non-Hispanic American whites. Our analytical strategy improves upon previous research on three fronts. First, we derive four hypotheses from a general framework that has also been used to explain the standard Hispanic paradox. Second, we study biomarkers rather than self-reported health and related conditions. Third, we use a binational data platform that includes both Mexicans living in Mexico (Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006) and Mexican migrants to the United States (NHANES 1999-2010). We find steep education gradients among Mexicans living in Mexico's urban areas in five of six biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in the overall MetS score. Mexican migrants living in the United States experience similar patterns to Mexicans living in Mexico in glucose and obesity biomarkers. These results are inconsistent with previous findings, suggesting that Mexican migrants in the United States experience significantly attenuated health gradients relative to the non-Hispanic white U.S. POPULATION: Our empirical evidence also contradicts the idea that SES-health gradients in Mexico are shallower than those in the United States and could be invoked to explain shallower gradients among Mexicans living in the United States.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.