ArticleTobacco control2016
When smokers quit: exposure to nicotine and carcinogens persists from thirdhand smoke pollution.
Article in Tobacco control, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03749876 (A Randomized Cross-over Clinical Trial of Unfiltered Cigarettes), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Cross-over Clinical Trial of Unfiltered Cigarettes
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of Assessment Methods for Detecting Nicotine Residue and Its Impact on Humans: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental tobacco smoke is a major contributor to lead, cadmium, and arsenic in settled house dust.Chemosphere · 2026Article
- Assessment, detection, and validation of clinical associations of thirdhand smoke exposure (ADVOCATE) study protocol.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Awareness of third-hand smoke: A cross-sectional study among medical students at Qassim University.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Third-hand Smoking Beliefs in Patients with Cancer.Thoracic research and practice · 2025Article
- Policy-relevant differences between secondhand and thirdhand smoke: strengthening protections from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Association between biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure and clinical efficacy of ivacaftor in the G551D observational trial (GOAL).Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society · 2024Observational
- Sex-Dependent Occlusive Cardiovascular Disease Effects of Short-Term Thirdhand Smoke Exposure.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Contamination of surfaces in children's homes with nicotine and the potent carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Cotton pillow samplers for assessment of thirdhand smoke in homes of smokers and nonsmokers with children.Journal of environmental exposure assessment · 2024Article
- Combination effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure and nutrients supplement during pregnancy on obesity in Chinese preschool children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Changes and stability of hand nicotine levels in children of smokers: Associations with urinary biomarkers, reported child tobacco smoke exposure, and home smoking bans.Environment international · 2023Article
- Location and home rules of cannabis use - Findings from marijuana use and environmental survey 2020, a nationally representative survey in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Distinguishing Exposure to Secondhand and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke among U.S. Children Using Machine Learning: NHANES 2013-2016.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Relationship between urinary tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and lung function: Evidence from NHANES 2007-2012.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Thirdhand smoke beliefs, exposure status and associated factors among young people in China: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Hand nicotine as an independent marker of thirdhand smoke pollution in children's environments.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Thirdhand Exposures to Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines through Inhalation, Dust Ingestion, Dermal Uptake, and Epidermal Chemistry.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Identification and determination of the volatile organics of third-hand smoke from different cigarettes and clothing fabrics.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2022Article
- Knowledge and Opinions of Healthcare Professionals about Thirdhand Smoke: A Multi-National, Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOver a 6-month period, we examined tobacco smoke pollutants (also known as thirdhand smoke, THS) that remained in the homes of former smokers and the exposure to these pollutants.
methods90 smokers completed study measures at baseline (BL). Measures were repeated among verified quitters 1 week (W1), 1 month (M1), 3 months (M3) and 6 months (M6) following cessation. Measures were analysed for THS pollutants on household surfaces, fingers and in dust (ie, nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines) and for urinary markers of exposure (ie, cotinine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL)).
resultsWe observed significant short-term reduction of nicotine on surfaces (BL: 22.2 μg/m
conclusionsHomes of smokers remained polluted with THS for up to 6 months after cessation. Residents continued to be exposed to THS toxicants that accumulated in settled house dust and on surfaces before smoking cessation. Further research is needed to better understand the consequences of continued THS exposure after cessation and the efforts necessary to remove THS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.