ArticleBMC health services research2016
Effects of public and private health insurance on medical service utilization in the National Health Insurance System: National panel study in the Republic of Korea.
Article in BMC health services research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utilization of public health care by people with private health insurance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
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- Assessing Eligibility for Anticancer Drug Health Insurance Reimbursement Using Large Language Models: Benchmark Development and Comparative Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Impact of Health Insurance Type on Access to Biologics and Systemic Corticosteroid Exposure in Patients With Severe Asthma: A Real-World Study From the Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR).Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
- Biopsychosocial interplay of personal injury insurance, legal frameworks, and functional neurological disorder: an emerging perspective on recovery and disability determinants.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Treatment Patterns in Postmenopausal Patients with Osteoporosis without Fractures: Insights from Tertiary Care Institutions and Nationwide OMOP-CDM Data.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Who is protected and who is not? Evaluating the effects of the long-term care insurance system and disparities in healthcare utilization and costs of the South Korean elderly population.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Article
- Influence of Health Insurance Coverage on the Survival Rate for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Improvement in nurse staffing ratios according to policy changes: a prospective cohort study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Network analysis of stroke systems of care in Korea.BMJ neurology open · 2024Article
- Trajectory of medical expenditure and regional disparities in hypertensive patients in South Korea.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Role of Supplementary Insurance in Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Comprehensive Review.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2024Review
- The role of community-based health insurance on healthcare seeking behavior of households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Unintended consequences of healthcare reform in South Korea: evidence from a regression discontinuity in time design.Health research policy and systems · 2023Article
- Does Maintained Medical Aid Coverage Affect Healthy Lifestyle Factors, Metabolic Syndrome-Related Health Status, and Individuals' Use of Healthcare Services?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Socioeconomic Position and Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Korea Using Structural Equation Modeling.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with pirfenidone and nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- How public and private health insurance coverage mitigates catastrophic health expenditures in Republic of Korea.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Demand-side Interventions to Control Moral Hazard in Health Systems, Beneficial or Detrimental: A Systematic Review Study.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMoral hazard or utilization hazard refers to the phenomenon during which patients overuse medical services under national health insurance (NHI) because the services are free or the patients are required to pay only a portion of the utilization costs. The aim of this study is to investigate how NHI and private health insurance (PHI) systems influence increases in health care utilization rates.
methodsWe designed a longitudinal study to examine the utilization of healthcare services between those insured with NHI or PHI and uninsured Koreans using nationally representative four-year panel data from 13,798 participants. This study was conducted using hierarchical multivariate Poisson regression analyses in which covariates and interaction terms are applied after adjusting for the heterogeneous treatment effect.
resultsAfter adjusting covariates including disease status, lower income Koreans who were covered by medical aid were respectively 2.26 and 1.23 times more likely to receive inpatient care and outpatient care than those who were covered by NHI. When the interaction term of type of insurance was included in the model, those were covered by both medical aid and PHI were respectively 2.38 and 1.25 times more likely to receive inpatient care and outpatient care than those who were covered by only NHI.
conclusionsThe moral hazard behind insurance membership, depending on how NHI maintains policies to confer benefits, may give rise to differences in medical utilization. This phenomenon must be closely monitored to find a way to reform NHI when the rights of medical service consumers are solidified through PHI.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.