ArticleCell reports2016
IL-4 Induces Metallothionein 3- and SLC30A4-Dependent Increase in Intracellular Zn(2+) that Promotes Pathogen Persistence in Macrophages.
Article in Cell reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of metal ions iron, copper, and zinc in the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Bacterial reporter-paired scRNA sequencing reveals cross talk between zinc starvation and zinc toxicity in macrophage antibacterial defense.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Zinc suppresses Stat3-driven IL-6 production in primary mouse adipocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-4-Enhanced Oligodendrocyte Differentiation Depends on Extracellular Zinc Uptake via ZIP11.Cells · 2025Article
- CXCL1 and CXCL2: Key Regulators of Host Defense AgainstJournal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Dietary zinc deficiency promotes Acinetobacter baumannii lung infection via IL-13 in mice.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Inhibition of the HFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Localized Infections withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Notch regulates Histoplasma capsulatum clearance in mouse lungs during innate and adaptive immune response phases in primary infection.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- Protein interactions with metallothionein-3 promote vectorial active transport in human proximal tubular cells.PloS one · 2022Article
- The impact of metal availability on immune function during infection.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2021Review
- A metabolic inhibitor arms macrophages to kill intracellular fungal pathogens by manipulating zinc homeostasis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- Beyond "Big Eaters": The Versatile Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Zinc is an important inter-kingdom signal between the host and microbe.Veterinary research · 2021Review
- Frontline Science: LPS-inducible SLC30A1 drives human macrophage-mediated zinc toxicity against intracellular Escherichia coli.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Article
- Metallothionein 3-Zinc Axis Suppresses Caspase-11 Inflammasome Activation and Impairs Antibacterial Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Zap70 Regulates TCR-Mediated Zip6 Activation at the Immunological Synapse.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Type I Interferons Ameliorate Zinc Intoxication of Candida glabrata by Macrophages and Promote Fungal Immune Evasion.iScience · 2020Article
- Understanding Metal Dynamics Between Cancer Cells and Macrophages: Competition or Synergism?Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Alternative activation of macrophages promotes wound healing but weakens antimicrobial defenses against intracellular pathogens. The mechanisms that suppress macrophage function to create a favorable environment for pathogen growth remain elusive. We show that interleukin (IL)-4 triggers a metallothionein 3 (MT3)- and Zn exporter SLC30A4-dependent increase in the labile Zn(2+) stores in macrophages and that intracellular pathogens can exploit this increase in Zn to survive. IL-4 regulates this pathway by shuttling extracellular Zn into macrophages and by activating cathepsins that act on MT3 to release bound Zn. We show that IL-4 can modulate Zn homeostasis in both human monocytes and mice. In vivo, MT3 can repress macrophage function in an M2-polarizing environment to promote pathogen persistence. Thus, MT3 and SLC30A4 dictate the size of the labile Zn(2+) pool and promote the survival of a prototypical intracellular pathogen in M2 macrophages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.