ArticleScience advances2016
The elementary representation of spatial and color vision in the human retina.
Article in Science advances, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed.
- Repeatability of Foveal Sensitivity Measured Using Adaptive Optics Microperimetry.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Retina-Inspired Bi-Based Terahertz Photonic Neuromorphic Devices.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Physiological basis of resolution acuity in vision.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Local variations in L/M ratio influence the detection and color naming of small spots.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- Local variations in L/M ratio influence the detection and color naming of small spots.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Optoretinography with actively stabilized adaptive optics optical coherence tomography.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Asymmetric activation of retinal ON and OFF pathways by AOSLO raster-scanned visual stimuli.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Novel color via stimulation of individual photoreceptors at population scale.Science advances · 2025Article
- Proteomic signatures of retinal pigment epithelium-derived exosomes in myopic and non-myopic tree shrew eyes.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Ultrafast adaptive optics for imaging the living human eye.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Unique yellow shifts for small and brief stimuli in the central retina.Journal of vision · 2024Article
- The vertebrate retina: a window into the evolution of computation in the brain.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2024Review
- Rat superior colliculus encodes the transition between static and dynamic vision modes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- From water to land: Evolution of photoreceptor circuits for vision in air.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Multimodal Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Application.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Review
- Pupil responses to colorfulness are selectively reduced in healthy older adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Revisiting a classical theory of sensory specificity: assessing consistency and stability of thermosensitive spots.Journal of neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Smart Contact Lenses as Wearable Ophthalmic Devices for Disease Monitoring and Health Management.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Boosting 2-photon vision with adaptive optics.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- Modeling the Visual Landscape: A Review on Approaches, Methods and Techniques.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The retina is the most accessible element of the central nervous system for linking behavior to the activity of isolated neurons. We unraveled behavior at the elementary level of single input units-the visual sensation generated by stimulating individual long (L), middle (M), and short (S) wavelength-sensitive cones with light. Spectrally identified cones near the fovea of human observers were targeted with small spots of light, and the type, proportion, and repeatability of the elicited sensations were recorded. Two distinct populations of cones were observed: a smaller group predominantly associated with signaling chromatic sensations and a second, more numerous population linked to achromatic percepts. Red and green sensations were mainly driven by L- and M-cones, respectively, although both cone types elicited achromatic percepts. Sensations generated by cones were rarely stochastic; rather, they were consistent over many months and were dominated by one specific perceptual category. Cones lying in the midst of a pure spectrally opponent neighborhood, an arrangement purported to be most efficient in producing chromatic signals in downstream neurons, were no more likely to signal chromatic percepts. Overall, the results are consistent with the idea that the nervous system encodes high-resolution achromatic information and lower-resolution color signals in separate pathways that emerge as early as the first synapse. The lower proportion of cones eliciting color sensations may reflect a lack of evolutionary pressure for the chromatic system to be as fine-grained as the high-acuity achromatic system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.