ArticleJournal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India2016
Reproductive Tract infections and Premalignant Lesions of Cervix: Evidence from Women Presenting at the Cancer Detection Centre of the Indian Cancer Society, Delhi, 2000-2012.
Article in Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of fungal infection in cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2026Pooled it
- Trichomonas vaginalis infection and risk of cervical neoplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- CareHPV, Papanicolaou Positivity Status, and Their Association With Behavioral Risk Factors in Rural Women of Kamrup District, Assam, India.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Trichomonas infection in pregnant women: a nationwide cohort study.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- The practice of menstrual hygiene management and associated factors among secondary school girls in eastern Ethiopia: The need for water, sanitation, and hygiene support.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesBurden of cervical cancer (CC) is highest for women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated as the necessary cause of CC although a number of other factors aid the long process of CC development. One among them is the presence of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). This study investigated the associations between RTIs and CC from India.
methodsThis study utilized secondary data from the Cancer Detection Centre of the ICS, Delhi. Data were accessed from MS access database and were analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS 16.0. Multivariate analysis using unconditional logistic regression produced odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsThis study used data from 11,427 women over a period of 2000-2012. Women with RTIs had Candida, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) or coccoid infections with all having similar prevalence (~4-5 %). 9.4 % of women had premalignant lesions of cervix; ASCUS was most common (7.9 %) followed by LSIL (1.3 %). TV was significantly associated with ASCUS, LSIL and all premalignant lesions of cervix (P < 0.001). Regression discovered an important association of TV with premalignant lesions of cervix (OR 2.79; 95 % CI 2.14, 3.64).
conclusionsEarlier studies have depicted associations between TV and HPV with possible enhancement of HPV virulence due to TV. Lack of awareness and hygiene, and limited access to gynecologists in LMICs lead to frequent and persistent RTIs which aid and abet HPV infection and CC occurrence. These also need to be addressed to reduce CC and RTIs among women in LMICs.
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