ArticlePloS one2016
Temporal Evolutionary Dynamics of Norovirus GII.4 Variants in China between 2004 and 2015.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Prolonged Norovirus Infection and the Molecular Evolution of Human Norovirus Within-Host in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma.Viruses · 2026Article
- Immunodominant B-Cell Linear Epitope on the VP1 P Domain of a Feline Norovirus Cat Model.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Norovirus GII.2[P16] strain in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence and Evolution of Noroviruses between 1966 and 2019, Implications for Vaccine Design.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China: disease burden and distribution of genotypes.Frontiers of medicine · 2020Review
- Evolutionary and Molecular Analysis of Complete Genome Sequences of Norovirus From Brazil: Emerging Recombinant Strain GII.P16/GII.4.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Variation of human norovirus GII genotypes detected in Ibaraki, Japan, during 2012-2018.Gut pathogens · 2019Article
- Molecular epidemiology and temporal evolution of norovirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in Amazonas state, Brazil.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Molecular Evolutionary Analyses of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Region in Norovirus Genogroup II.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- The prevalence of non-GII.4 norovirus genotypes in acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in Jinan, China.PloS one · 2018Article
- Molecular Evolution of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNoroviruses are one of the major causes of acute human nonbacterial gastroenteritis, and genotype II.4 (GII.4) has accounted for the majority of adult outbreaks. In addition, novel epidemic strain emerges every 2 to 3 years and spreads globally in months. There are little data reporting the evolutionary dynamics of GII.4 variants along a specific period in China.
methodsAll norovirus GII.4 sequences in China were downloaded from GenBank Database. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA and Bayesian evolutionary inference techniques were applied by BEAST software to study the genetic relationships, evolution rate, evolutionary time scale and the demographic history of GII.4 variants. Homology models were predicted by SWISS-MODEL to analyze the spatial structure changes.
resultsDuring the 12-year period, 624 GII.4 sequences were subtyped into six GII.4 variants (clusters). A rate of 4.74×10-3, 6.99×10-3 and 7.68×10-3 nucleotide substitutions/site/year for the strict, uncorrelated log-normal and uncorrelated exponential derivation clocks were estimated, respectively. Three amino acid mutations (G255S, S393G and H414P) in both Den Haag_2006b sub-clusters and six mutations (I244T, N309S, A377T, T244I, T377A and S393G) in three Sydney_2012 sub-clusters were observed.
conclusionsThe temporal distribution pattern of noroviruses GII.4 lineages in China was similar to the worldwide observation. The evolutionary rate of GII.4 was consistent with the global studies. Amino acid changes in the vicinity of norovirus epitope may have profound influences on carbohydrate binding affinity between different sub-clusters of norovirus variants. Hence understanding the evolutionary dynamics of norovirus is of great value for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.