Observational studyPloS one2016
Long-Term Oxygen Therapy 24 vs 15 h/day and Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Observational study in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adjuvant therapy efficacy of Chinese drugs pharmaceutics for COPD patients with respiratory failure: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2019Pooled it
- Hydrogen/oxygen therapy for the treatment of an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial.Respiratory research · 2021Trial
- Article
- Similar risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients continuing and discontinuing LTOT.Respiratory research · 2025Observational
- A Simplified Three-Item Clinical Score to Identify Exertional Hypoxemia in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Real-World Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Conducting a registry-based randomised trial (REDOX) in chronic respiratory failure: experiences and advice.European clinical respiratory journal · 2025Review
- Thoughts on the end of life in patients with oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A qualitative interview study.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Supplemental oxygen and noninvasive ventilation.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Article
- Greek Guidelines for the Management of COPD, a Proposal of a Holistic Approach Based on the needs of the Greek Community.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of Standardized Protocol for Oxygen Therapy on Improving Nurses' Performance and Patients' Health Outcome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exercise-Induced Oxygen Desaturation during the 6-Minute Walk Test.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Breathing Aid Devices to Support Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)Infected Patients.SN computer science · 2020Review
- REgistry-based randomized controlled trial of treatment and Duration and mortality in long-term OXygen therapy (REDOX) study protocol.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2019Article
- Daily duration of long-term oxygen therapy and risk of hospitalization in oxygen-dependent COPD patients.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018Article
- Which patients with moderate hypoxemia benefit from long-term oxygen therapy? Ways forward.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018Review
- Long term oxygen therapy-it is still relevant?Journal of thoracic disease · 2017Article
- The need for greater opioid pharmacovigilance in COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2017Article
- Long-term oxygen therapy prescription in India: Evaluation of compliance, factors affecting compliance, indications, and survival.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) ≥ 15 h/day improves survival in hypoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). LTOT 24 h/day is often recommended but may pose an unnecessary burden with no clear survival benefit compared with LTOT 15 h/day. The aim was to test the hypothesis that LTOT 24 h/day decreases all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality compared to LTOT 15 h/day in hypoxemic COPD. This was a prospective, observational, population-based study of COPD patients starting LTOT between October 1, 2005 and June 30, 2009 in Sweden. Overall and cause-specific mortality was analyzed using Cox and Fine-Gray regression, controlling for age, sex, prescribed oxygen dose, PaO2 (air), PaCO2 (air), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), WHO performance status, body mass index, comorbidity, and oral glucocorticoids. A total of 2,249 included patients were included with a median follow-up of 1.1 years (interquartile range, 0.6-2.1). 1,129 (50%) patients died and no patient was lost to follow-up. Higher LTOT duration analyzed as a continuous variable was not associated with any change in mortality rate (hazard ratio [HR] 1.00; (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98 to 1.02) per 1 h/day increase above 15 h/day. LTOT exactly 24 h/day was prescribed in 539 (24%) patients and LTOT 15-16 h/day in 1,231 (55%) patients. Mortality was similar between the groups for all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality. In hypoxemic COPD, LTOT 24 h/day was not associated with a survival benefit compared with treatment 15-16 h/day. A design for a registry-based randomized trial (R-RCT) is proposed.
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