ArticleTranslational psychiatry2016
Insulin-like growth factor 1 and risk of depression in older people: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Insulin-like Growth Factor Family as a Potential Peripheral Biomarker in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Quality of life analysis in community pharmacy using deep learning and explainability methods.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Pan-Cancer Analysis of a Depression-Related Gene Signature Identifies an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment and Links to Immunotherapy Response in Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Article
- Connecting the dots: sex, depression, and musculoskeletal health.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Relationships between nine neuropsychiatric disorders and cervical cancer: insights from genetics, causality and shared gene expression patterns.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- The brain insulin receptor gene network and associations with frailty index.Age and ageing · 2024Article
- Precision Medicine in Depression: The Role of Proteomics and Metabolomics in Personalized Treatment Approaches.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Resilience and Vulnerability to Stress-Induced Anhedonia: Unveiling Brain Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Dynamics in a Mouse Chronic Stress Depression Model.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Muscle Strength and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Depression in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical nutrition research · 2023Article
- Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Management of Neurological Disorders.Neurotoxicity research · 2022Review
- Insulin-like growth factor I mitigates post-traumatic stress by inhibiting AMP-kinase in orexin neurons.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Clinical laboratory tests and five-year incidence of major depressive disorder: a prospective cohort study of 433,890 participants from the UK Biobank.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Investigating the Relationship Between IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 Concentrations and Later-Life Cognition and Brain Volume.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Association between the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Lower Levels of Adiponectin and Its Receptor Adipor1 in the Uveal Melanomas With Monosomy-3.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Social engagement and loneliness are differentially associated with neuro-immune markers in older age: Time-varying associations from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
- Osteoporosis from an Endocrine Perspective: The Role of Hormonal Changes in the Elderly.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Central IGF-1 protects against features of cognitive and sensorimotor decline with aging in male mice.GeroScience · 2019Article
- Insulin receptor in the brain: Mechanisms of activation and the role in the CNS pathology and treatment.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Depressive disorders are a leading cause of disability in older age. Although the role of psychosocial and behavioural predictors has been well examined, little is known about the biological origins of depression. Findings from animal studies have implicated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the aetiology of this disorder. A total of 6017 older adults (mean age of 65.7 years; 55% women) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing provided serum levels of IGF-1 (mean=15.9 nmol l(-1), s.d. 5.7) during a nurse visit in 2008. Depression symptoms were assessed in the same year and again in 2012 using the eight-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Self-reports of a physician-diagnosis of depression were also collected at both time points. In separate analyses for men and women, the results from both the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses revealed a 'U'-shaped pattern of association, such that lower and higher levels of IGF-1 were associated with a slightly elevated risk of depression, whereas the lowest risk was seen around the median levels. Thus, in men, with the lowest quintile of IGF-1 as the referent, the age-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of developing depression symptoms after 4 years of follow-up, for increasing quintiles of IGF-1, were: 0.51 (0.28-0.91), 0.50 (0.27-0.92), 0.63 (0.35-1.15) and 0.63 (0.35-1.13) (P-value for quadratic association 0.002). Some attenuation of these effects was apparent after adjustment for co-morbidity, socioeconomic status and health behaviours. In conclusion, in the present study of older adults, there was some evidence that moderate levels of IGF-1 levels conferred a reduced risk of depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.