Trial reportCancer2017
Enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with visceral disease in the liver and/or lung: Outcomes from the randomized controlled phase 3 AFFIRM trial.
Trial report in Cancer, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research trends and hotspots in prostate cancer associated exosome: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- The underreporting of phase III chemo-therapeutic clinical trial data of older patients with cancer: A systematic review.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2020Pooled it
- ADXS31142 Immunotherapy ± Pembrolizumab Treatment for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Open-Label Phase I/II KEYNOTE-046 Study.The oncologist · 2022Trial
- Vitronectin Enrichment in Prostate Cancer Liver Metastases Promotes Adhesion and Survival.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Outcomes for Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Liver Metastasis Receiving [Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2024Article
- From biology to the clinic - exploring liver metastasis in prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Review
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Systemic Therapy for Intensification of Treatment in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer in India.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Article
- A phase II study evaluating the efficacy of enzalutamide and the role of liquid biopsy for evaluation of ARv7 in mCRPC patients with measurable metastases including visceral disease (Excalibur study).Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
- Visceral Metastasis Predicts Response to New Hormonal Agents in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Plasma Metabolomic Profiling after Feeding Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles in Different Cattle Breeds.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Screening of visceral metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a cornerstone in personalized patient's care.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2023Article
- Preoperative Circulating 11-Oxygenated Androgens Are Associated With Metastasis-free Survival in Localized Prostate Cancer.The Journal of urology · 2023Article
- Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Insights on Current Therapy and Promising Experimental Drugs.Research and reports in urology · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Pretreatment visceral metastases in castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer: role in prediction versus actual site of disease progression.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2022Article
- A detailed characterization of stepwise activation of the androgen receptor variant 7 in prostate cancer cells.Oncogene · 2021Article
- Response and outcome of liver metastases in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) undergoingEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021Article
- A Bayesian seamless phase I-II trial design with two stages for cancer clinical trials with drug combinations.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and visceral metastases have a worse prognosis than those with nonvisceral metastases. Treatment with the androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide in the phase 3 AFFIRM trial led to significant improvements in outcomes for patients with mCRPC. For the current report, the authors analyzed the efficacy of enzalutamide among patients from the AFFIRM trial who had visceral disease.
methodsPatients who had liver and/or lung metastases at baseline were selected for prespecified overall survival (OS) and exploratory post hoc analyses, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and the time to PSA and radiographic progression.
resultsIn patients who had liver metastases (n = 92), enzalutamide was associated with a lower risk of radiographic progression (hazard ratio [HR], 0.645; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.413-1.008), improved 12-month OS (37.7% vs 20.6%) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) (11.6% vs 3.0%) rates, and higher PSA response rates (35.1% vs 4.8%) compared with placebo. Enzalutamide-treated patients who had lung metastases (n = 104) had improved median OS (HR, 0.848; 95% CI, 0.510-1.410), a substantially reduced risk of radiographic progression (HR, 0.386; 95% CI, 0.259-0.577), improved 12-month OS (65.1% vs 55.3%) and rPFS (30.9% vs 8.2%) rates, increased time to PSA progression (HR, 0.358; 95% CI, 0.204-0.627), and a better PSA response rate (52.1% vs 4.9%) compared with those who received placebo. No increase in treatment-related adverse events was observed for the visceral metastases cohort compared with the nonvisceral metastases cohort.
conclusionsAcross multiple endpoints, patients who have visceral metastases have better outcomes with enzalutamide than with placebo. Cancer 2017;123:253-262. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.