ReviewNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2016
The topographical model of multiple sclerosis: A dynamic visualization of disease course.
Review in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS): an updated meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Potential Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review with Recommendations for Future Research.Neural plasticity · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of ofatumumab in recently diagnosed, treatment-naive patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from ASCLEPIOS I and II.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Masitinib in Progressive Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized, Phase 3, Clinical Trial.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Trial
- Fingolimod after a first unilateral episode of acute optic neuritis (MOVING) - preliminary results from a randomized, rater-blind, active-controlled, phase 2 trial.BMC neurology · 2020Trial
- Progressive motor impairment from intracerebral critical demyelinating lesions.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Rethinking prognosis in multiple sclerosis: a multiaxial perspective.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- CAR T cells as novel therapeutic strategy for multiple sclerosis and other neuroimmune disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Norma Latina Neuropsychological Evaluation in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis and Its Relationship with Disability.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Subcortical brain volume changes linked to concern of falling in multiple sclerosis: a structural MRI study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Neurofilament Light Chain and Multiple Sclerosis: Building a Neurofoundational Model of Biomarkers and Diagnosis.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Ethnoracial disparities in gray matter atrophy are mediated by structural disconnectivity in multiple sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Depicting multiple sclerosis disease course using lesion parenchymal fraction: a quantified expression of the topographical model of multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Should We Consider Neurodegeneration by Itself or in a Triangulation with Neuroinflammation and Demyelination? The Example of Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Multiple sclerosis: emerging epidemiological trends and redefining the clinical course.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Review
- Radiologically isolated syndromes: to treat or not to treat?Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- A future of AI-driven personalized care for people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Brain reserve and physical disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.BMJ neurology open · 2024Article
- Microglia and Multiple Sclerosis.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Relapses and progression contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course, but neither the relationship between them nor the spectrum of clinical heterogeneity has been fully characterized. A hypothesis-driven, biologically informed model could build on the clinical phenotypes to encompass the dynamic admixture of factors underlying MS disease course. In this medical hypothesis, we put forth a dynamic model of MS disease course that incorporates localization and other drivers of disability to propose a clinical manifestation framework that visualizes MS in a clinically individualized way. The topographical model encapsulates 5 factors (localization of relapses and causative lesions; relapse frequency, severity, and recovery; and progression rate), visualized utilizing dynamic 3-dimensional renderings. The central hypothesis is that, like symptom recrudescence in Uhthoff phenomenon and pseudoexacerbations, progression clinically recapitulates prior relapse symptoms and unmasks previously silent lesions, incrementally revealing underlying lesion topography. The model uses real-time simulation software to depict disease course archetypes and illuminate several well-described but poorly reconciled phenomena including the clinical/MRI paradox and prognostic significance of lesion location and burden on disease outcomes. Utilization of this model could allow for earlier and more clinically precise identification of progressive MS and predictive implications can be empirically tested.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.