ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences
An assessment of ventilator-associated pneumonias and risk factors identified in the Intensive Care Unit.
Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Narrative Review of the Bacterial Profile Involved in Severe COPD Exacerbations Complicated by Pneumonia in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and associated factors among intubated adult patients admitted in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a facility-based retrospective study design.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy of compliance with ventilator-associated pneumonia care bundle: A 24-month longitudinal study at Bach Mai Hospital, Vietnam.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Tracheal tube infections in critical care: A narrative review of influencing factors, microbial agents, and mitigation strategies in intensive care unit settings.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Incidence and Predictors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Adult Intubated Patients in Bahir Dar Specialized Hospitals, 2021: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia is linked to a worse prognosis than community-acquired pneumonia in children.PloS one · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Retrospective Cohort Study using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain (2016-2019).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Incidence and outcomes of hospitalization for community-acquired, ventilator-associated and non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonias in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Observational
- Circulating metabolome as key biomarkers for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Case-Control study in a tertiary care hospital of North India.International journal of critical illness and injury scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant cause of hospital-related infections, one that must be prevented due to its high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors in patients developing VAP in our intensive care units (ICUs).
methodsThis retrospective cohort study involved in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours. VAP diagnosed patients were divided into two groups, those developing pneumonia (VAP(+)) and those not (VAP(-)).\.
resultsWe researched 1560 patients in adult ICUs, 1152 (73.8%) of whom were mechanically ventilated. The MV use rate was 52%. VAP developed in 15.4% of patients. The VAP rate was calculated as 15.7/1000 ventilator days. Mean length of stay in the ICU for VAP(+) and VAP(-) patients were (26.7±16.3 and 18.1±12.7 days (p<0.001)) and mean length of MV use was (23.5±10.3 and 12.6±7.4 days (p<0.001)). High APACHE II and Charlson co-morbidity index scores, extended length of hospitalization and MV time, previous history of hospitalization and antibiotherapy, reintubation, enteral nutrition, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and organ failure were determined as significant risk factors for VAP. The mortality rate in the VAP(+) was 65.2%, with 23.6% being attributed to VAP.
conclusionVAPs are prominent nosocomial infections that can cause considerable morbidity and mortality in ICUs. Patient care procedures for the early diagnosis of patients with a high risk of VAP and for the reduction of risk factors must be implemented by providing training concerning risk factors related to VAP for ICU personnel, and preventable risk factors must be reduced to a minimum.
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