ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
A single heterologously expressed plant cellulose synthase isoform is sufficient for cellulose microfibril formation in vitro.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
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48 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Using Solid-State NMR to Understand the Structure of Plant Cellulose.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Cellulose Synthesis in Cyanobacteria: Shared Pathways and Distinct Features with Bacteria and Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sterols in plant biologyCell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
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- Modulating Microbial Materials - Engineering Bacterial Cellulose with Synthetic Biology.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Review
- How Many Glucan Chains Form Plant Cellulose Microfibrils? A Mini Review.Biomacromolecules · 2024Review
- Insights into phosphoethanolamine cellulose synthesis and secretion across the Gram-negative cell envelope.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The plant cell wall-dynamic, strong, and adaptable-is a natural shapeshifter.The Plant cell · 2024Review
- CslA and GlxA fromApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Molecular insights into phosphoethanolamine cellulose formation and secretion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Hyaluronan synthases; mechanisms, myths, & mysteries of three types of unique bifunctional glycosyltransferases.Glycobiology · 2023Review
- Enzymes in 3D: Synthesis, remodelling, and hydrolysis of cell wall (1,3;1,4)-β-glucans.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Insights into substrate coordination and glycosyl transfer of poplar cellulose synthase-8.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2023Article
- Wood cellulose microfibrils have a 24-chain core-shell nanostructure in seed plants.Nature plants · 2023Article
- Cellulose synthase-like D movement in the plasma membrane requires enzymatic activity.The Journal of cell biology · 2023Article
- Insights into substrate coordination and glycosyl transfer of poplar cellulose synthase-8.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic, metabolomic, and ATAC-seq analysis reveal the regulatory mechanism of senescence of post-harvest tomato fruit.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plant cell walls are a composite material of polysaccharides, proteins, and other noncarbohydrate polymers. In the majority of plant tissues, the most abundant polysaccharide is cellulose, a linear polymer of glucose molecules. As the load-bearing component of the cell wall, individual cellulose chains are frequently bundled into micro and macrofibrils and are wrapped around the cell. Cellulose is synthesized by membrane-integrated and processive glycosyltransferases that polymerize UDP-activated glucose and secrete the nascent polymer through a channel formed by their own transmembrane regions. Plants express several different cellulose synthase isoforms during primary and secondary cell wall formation; however, so far, none has been functionally reconstituted in vitro for detailed biochemical analyses. Here we report the heterologous expression, purification, and functional reconstitution of Populus tremula x tremuloides CesA8 (PttCesA8), implicated in secondary cell wall formation. The recombinant enzyme polymerizes UDP-activated glucose to cellulose, as determined by enzyme degradation, permethylation glycosyl linkage analysis, electron microscopy, and mutagenesis studies. Catalytic activity is dependent on the presence of a lipid bilayer environment and divalent manganese cations. Further, electron microscopy analyses reveal that PttCesA8 produces cellulose fibers several micrometers long that occasionally are capped by globular particles, likely representing PttCesA8 complexes. Deletion of the enzyme's N-terminal RING-finger domain almost completely abolishes fiber formation but not cellulose biosynthetic activity. Our results demonstrate that reconstituted PttCesA8 is not only sufficient for cellulose biosynthesis in vitro but also suffices to bundle individual glucan chains into cellulose microfibrils.
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