Trial reportAmerican journal of preventive medicine2016
Warm Handoff Versus Fax Referral for Linking Hospitalized Smokers to Quitlines.
Trial report in American journal of preventive medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Proactive Referral to Behavioral Smoking Cessation Programs by Healthcare Staff: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Pooled it
- Text messaging interventions to support smoking cessation among hospitalized patients in Brazil: a randomized comparative effectiveness clinical trial.BMC research notes · 2022Trial
- Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for Community College Students (BASICCS): Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of web-conferencing BASICCS and supporting automated text messages.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2021Trial
- Impact of Smoking Cessation Interventions Initiated During Hospitalization Among HIV-Infected Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Predictors of engagement in post-discharge quitline counseling among hospitalized smokers.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Trial
- A randomized, controlled pilot study of warm handoff versus fax referral for hospital-initiated smoking cessation among people living with HIV/AIDS.Addictive behaviors · 2018Trial
- Accuracy of self-reported smoking abstinence in clinical trials of hospital-initiated smoking interventions.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2017Trial
- Development and Pilot Test of a Novel Digital Social Support Intervention for Reducing Hazardous Alcohol Use.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- A Qualitative Exploration of Quitline Perceptions among African American and Hispanic or Latino Adults Who Smoke.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- CTN-0138: adaptation, implementation, and cluster randomized trial of a Community Pharmacy-Based Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Opioid Risk Assessment Tool-a protocol paper.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- Hospital-Initiated Smoking Cessation Among Patients Admitted with Behavioral Health Conditions.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Linkage facilitation services for opioid use disorder: Taxonomy of facilitation practitioners, goals, and activities.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Review
- Article
- A Systematic Review Evaluating Disparities in State-Run Quitline Utilization and Effectiveness in the U.S.AJPM focus · 2023Review
- Feature-Level Analysis of a Smoking Cessation Smartphone App Based on a Positive Psychology Approach: Prospective Observational Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Survivors' Input on Health Care-Connected Services for Intimate Partner Violence.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2021Article
- A Smoking Cessation App for Nondaily Smokers (Version 2 of the Smiling Instead of Smoking App): Acceptability and Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2021Article
- Closed-Loop Electronic Referral From Primary Care Clinics to a State Tobacco Cessation Quitline: Effects Using Real-World Implementation Training.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionFew hospitals treat patients' tobacco dependence. To be effective, hospital-initiated cessation interventions must provide at least 1 month of supportive contact post-discharge. STUDY
designIndividually randomized clinical trial. Recruitment commenced July 2011; analyses were conducted October 2014-June 2015. SETTING/
participantsThe study was conducted in two large Midwestern hospitals. Participants included smokers who were aged ≥18 years, planned to stay quit after discharge, and spoke English or Spanish.
interventionHospital-based cessation counselors delivered the intervention. For patients randomized to warm handoff, staff immediately called the quitline from the bedside and handed the phone to participants for enrollment and counseling. Participants randomized to fax were referred on the day of hospital discharge.
main outcome measuresOutcomes at 6 months included quitline enrollment/adherence, medication use, biochemically verified cessation, and cost effectiveness.
resultsSignificantly more warm handoff than fax participants enrolled in quitline (99.6% vs 59.6%; relative risk, 1.67; 95% CI=1.65, 1.68). One in four (25.4% warm handoff, 25.3% fax) were verified to be abstinent at 6-month follow-up; this did not differ significantly between groups (relative risk, 1.02; 95% CI=0.82, 1.24). Cessation medication use in the hospital and receipt of a prescription for medication at discharge did not differ between groups; however, significantly more fax participants reported using cessation medication post-discharge (32% vs 25%, p=0.01). The average incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of enrolling participants into warm handoff was $0.14. Hospital-borne costs were significantly lower in warm handoff than in fax ($5.77 vs $9.41, p<0.001).
conclusionsOne in four inpatient smokers referred to quitline by either method were abstinent at 6 months post-discharge. Among motivated smokers, fax referral and warm handoff are efficient and comparatively effective ways to link smokers with evidence-based care. For hospitals, warm handoff is a less expensive and more effective method for enrolling smokers in quitline services.
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Registered trials
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