ArticleIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR2016
Immunization Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Alginate Microspheres Loaded With Autoclaved Leishmania Major (ALM) and Quillaja Saponins.
Article in Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leishmania pyruvate kinase and mitochondrial processing protease: Two novel vaccine candidates, selected via a seroproteomic approach, trigger a protective immune response against murine cutaneous leishmaniasis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Chitosan-Coated Alginate Microcapsules Loaded with Herbal galactagogue Extract: Formulation Optimization and Characterization.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2019Article
- Evaluation of the Effect of Promoter Type on the Immunogenicity of the Live RecombinantIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2018Article
- Pentalinonsterol, a Constituent of Pentalinon andrieuxii, Possesses Potent Immunomodulatory Activity and Primes T Cell Immune Responses.Journal of natural products · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leishmania antigens are weak immunogens and need to be potentiated by various adjuvants and delivery systems. Alginate microspheres as antigen delivery system and Quillaja saponins (QS) as immunoadjuvant have been used to enhance the immune response against Autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM). Microspheres were prepared by an emulsification technique and characterized for size, encapsulation efficiency and release profile of encapsulates. BALB/c mice were immunized three times in 3-weeks intervals using ALM plus QS loaded microspheres [(ALM+QS)ALG], ALM encapsulated with alginate microspheres [(ALM)ALG], (ALM)ALG + QS, ALM + QS, ALM alone or PBS. The intensity of infection induced by L. major challenge was assessed by measuring size of footpad swelling. The strongest protection, showed by significantly (P < 0.05) smaller footpad, were observed in mice immunized with (ALM)ALG+QS. The (ALM+QS)ALG, ALM and PBS groups showed the least protection and highest swelling, while the (ALM)ALG and ALM+QS showed an intermediate protection with no significant difference. The mice immunized with (ALM+QS)ALG showed the highest IgG2a/IgG1 ratio (P<0.05). The highest IFN-γ and IL-4 production was seen in ALM+QS (P<0.01). It is concluded that QS adjuvant has a mixed Th1/Th2 effect and has increased both humoral and cellular immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27642328PMC5018285W2288997010What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.