Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27641228›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Global analysis of transcription in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells uncovers active enhancers and direct androgen receptor targets.

Sari Toropainen, Einari A Niskanen, Marjo Malinen, Päivi Sutinen, Minna U Kaikkonen, Jorma J Palvimo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Genomic Landscapes of Noncoding RNAs RegulatingMolecular and cellular biology · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sari ToropainenInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Einari A NiskanenInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Marjo MalinenInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Päivi SutinenInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Minna U KaikkonenA.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Jorma J PalvimoInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
University of Eastern Finland · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Androgen receptor (AR) is a male sex steroid-activated transcription factor (TF) that plays a critical role in prostate cancers, including castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) that typically express amplified levels of the AR. CRPC-derived VCaP cells display an excessive number of chromatin AR-binding sites (ARBs) most of which localize to distal inter- or intragenic regions. Here, we analyzed direct transcription programs of the AR in VCaP cells using global nuclear run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) and integrated the GRO-seq data with the ARB and VCaP cell-specific TF-binding data. Androgen immediately activated transcription of hundreds of protein-coding genes, including IGF-1 receptor and EGF receptor. Androgen also simultaneously repressed transcription of a large number of genes, including MYC. As functional enhancers have been postulated to produce enhancer-templated non-coding RNAs (eRNAs), we also analyzed the eRNAs, which revealed that only a fraction of the ARBs reside at functional enhancers. Activation of these enhancers was most pronounced at the sites that also bound PIAS1, ERG and HDAC3, whereas binding of HDAC3 and PIAS1 decreased at androgen-repressed enhancers. In summary, our genome-wide data of androgen-regulated enhancers and primary target genes provide new insights how the AR can directly regulate cellular growth and control signaling pathways in CPRC cells.

Indexed as

Transcription, GeneticAndrogensBinding SitesCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationChromatinEnhancer Elements, GeneticEpidermal Growth FactorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor IMaleModels, BiologicalNeoplasm ProteinsProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantProtein BindingAndrogensAR protein, humanChromatinEpidermal Growth FactorInsulin-Like Growth Factor INeoplasm ProteinsReceptors, AndrogenRNA, Neoplasm

Identifiers

PMID27641228
PMCPMC5027586
OpenAlexW2523360221

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.