ReviewInternational urogynecology journal2017
Paravaginal defect: anatomy, clinical findings, and imaging.
Review in International urogynecology journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05602246 (Study Comparing Transobturator Cystocele vs. Anterior Vaginal RepairS), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study Comparing Transobturator Cystocele vs. Anterior Vaginal RepairS
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Investigating the association of the dimensions of genital hiatus and levator hiatus with pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2021Pooled it
- The usual suspect: cross-sectional study of fundal pressure at second stage of delivery and the association with pelvic floor damage.International urogynecology journal · 2021Trial
- Autonomic Plexuses of the Female Sexual Organs Travel Within Pubocervical and Rectovaginal [Endopelvic] Fascia: A Rationale for 'Nerve-Aware' Vaginal Prolapse Repair.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Beyond POP-Q: A Scoping Review of Pelvic Floor Ultrasound for Anatomical Phenotyping of Anterior Compartment Prolapse.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Reevaluating the vesicouterine pouch: histological evidence for optimal dissection planes in oncologic surgery.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2026Article
- A new understanding of the mechanical mechanism of posterior vaginal prolapse based on magnetic resonance imaging.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2025Article
- International Urogynecological Consultation Chapter 2.2: Imaging in the Diagnosis of Pelvic Organ Prolapse.International urogynecology journal · 2025Review
- Anterior Colporrhaphy and Paravaginal Repair for Anterior Compartment Prolapse: A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Urethrovaginal Septum: A Histological Study on a Cadaver and Its Clinical Significance.Cureus · 2024Article
- MR defecography in assessing stress urinary incontinence with or without symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse.World journal of urology · 2024Article
- Morphological changes in the anterior vaginal wall caused by aging: a scanning electron microscopy study.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Appearance of levator ani muscle subdivision defects on level III vaginal support structures in women with and without pelvic organ prolapse: an MRI study.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Ultrasonographic study of female perineal body and its supportive function on pelvic floor.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Multilevel musculo-fascial defect magnetic resonance study of female pelvic floor: retrospective case control study in women with pelvic floor dysfunction after the first vaginal delivery.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Comparison of the Axes and Positions of the Uterus and Vagina Between Women With and Without Pelvic Floor Organ Prolapse.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- The Female Pelvic Floor Fascia Anatomy: A Systematic Search and Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Trans-obturator cystocele repair of level 2 paravaginal defect.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Ultrasound imaging of the perineal body: a useful clinical tool.International urogynecology journal · 2020Observational
- Assessment of female pelvic floor support to the urethra using 3D transperineal ultrasound.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Laparoscopic approach to pelvic organ prolapse - the way to go or a blind alley?Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisThe paravaginal defect has been a topic of active discussion concerning what it is, how to diagnose it, its role in anterior vaginal wall prolapse, and if and how to repair it. The aim of this article was to review the existing literature on paravaginal defect and discuss its role in the anterior vaginal wall support system, with an emphasis on anatomy and imaging.
methodsArticles related to paravaginal defects were identified through a PubMed search ending 1 July 2015.
resultsSupport of the anterior vaginal wall is a complex system involving levator ani muscle, arcus tendineus fascia pelvis (ATFP), pubocervical fascia, and uterosacral/cardinal ligaments. Studies conclude that physical examination is inconsistent in detecting paravaginal defects. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used to describe patterns in the appearance of the vagina and bladder when a paravaginal defect is suspected. Different terms have been used (e.g., sagging of bladder base, loss of tenting), which all represent changes in pelvic floor support but that could be due to both paravaginal and levator ani defects.
conclusionParavaginal support plays a role in supporting the anterior vaginal wall, but we still do not know the degree to which it contributes to the development of prolapse. Both MRI and US are useful in the diagnosis of paravaginal defects, but further studies are needed to evaluate their use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.