Trial reportContraception2017
Psychometric properties and refinement of the Reproductive Coercion Scale.
Trial report in Contraception, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Factors Associated with Reproductive Coercion and Abuse in the United States.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2026Pooled it
- Indicators for Reproductive Violence: A Systematized Review to Develop a Multilevel Measurement Framework.Studies in family planning · 2025Pooled it
- Women empowerment in reproductive health: a systematic review of measurement properties.BMC women's health · 2021Pooled it
- Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a combined intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health intervention (WINGS+PM+) for women in informal settlements in Kenya.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Trial
- Effects of a clinic-based reproductive empowerment intervention on proximal outcomes of contraceptive use, self-efficacy, attitudes, and awareness and use of survivor services: a cluster-controlled trial in Nairobi, Kenya.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2023Trial
- Trauma-Informed Personalized Scripts to Address Partner Violence and Reproductive Coercion: Follow-Up Findings from an Implementation Randomized Controlled Trial Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2021Trial
- Implementation of a Family Planning Clinic-Based Partner Violence and Reproductive Coercion Intervention: Provider and Patient Perspectives.Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health · 2017Trial
- Correlates of reproductive coercion among college women in abusive relationships: baseline data from the college safety study.Journal of American college health : J of ACHTrial
- Rural-Urban Differences in the Association Between Reproductive Coercion and Postpartum Family Planning.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of the Psychological Abuse in Relationships Scale.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2026Article
- Reproductive coercion, gender role attitudes and fertility desire among married women in Türkiye: a descriptive and explanatory study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Reproductive coercion and violence against women with unplanned pregnancies in Turkiye.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Advancing the science on measurement, determinants, and outcomes of pregnancy and abortion coercion in global settings: a scoping review.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- A Theoretical Model of Reproductive Coercion and Abuse and Legal Entrapment: Barriers to Health, Safety, and Well-being for Mothers and Children.Journal of family violence · 2025Article
- Development of a comprehensive measure of reproductive coercion and abuse for global use: a Delphi study.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2025Article
- Prevalence and correlates of reproductive coercion in the months before pregnancy: cross-sectional findings from pregnant women in Ethiopia.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- "Psychometric validation of the Persian pregnancy coercion scale and its implications for reproductive autonomy in Iran".BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Short interpregnancy interval following reproductive coercion: A prospective cohort study of pregnant Ethiopian women.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Improving measurement of girls and young women's reproductive experiences: qualitative findings from research in Kenyan family planning clinics.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIdentification and refinement of psychometric properties of the Reproductive Coercion Scale (RCS) for use in survey research and clinical practice. STUDY
designYoung women aged 16-29 years seeking services in 24 Pennsylvania and 5 California family planning clinics completed questionnaires. Data were pooled for analysis (n=4674), and underlying domains were assessed using Horn's Parallel Analysis and Exploratory Factor Analysis. Multidimensional Item Response Theory was used to refine the scale and assess reliability and validity of a short-form RCS.
resultsThe full, nine-item RCS had two underlying domains: pregnancy coercion and condom manipulation. Five items were retained in the short form: three about pregnancy coercion (e.g., "told you not to use birth control…") and two for condom manipulation (e.g., "taken off the condom while you were having sex…"; one of these items is the combination of two original items on damaging the condom that were combined because of similar statistical properties and face validity and a third item on removing the condom was retained on its own). Recent reproductive coercion was reported by 6.7% and 6.3% of the sample with the full and short-form RCS, respectively. Characteristics of women reporting reproductive coercion were similar with both forms.
conclusionFindings indicate that reproductive coercion includes pregnancy coercion and deliberate manipulation of condoms to promote pregnancy. Moreover, women experience reproductive coercion across a continuum of severity. We selected items that varied in RC severity and discrimination to generate a five-item short-form RCS for survey research and clinical practice. IMPLICATIONS: This study assesses the psychometric properties of the RCS, identifying pregnancy coercion and condom manipulation as underlying domains of reproductive coercion. Recommendations for using the RCS in research and clinical practice are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.