ReviewGastroenterology2016
An Intestinal Microbiota-Farnesoid X Receptor Axis Modulates Metabolic Disease.
Review in Gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 207 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
207 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 350 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bibliometric analysis of research on gut microbiota and bile acids: publication trends and research frontiers.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and maternal dyslipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Pooled it
- A phase 2, proof of concept, randomised controlled trial of berberine ursodeoxycholate in patients with presumed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Bile acid signaling in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeting microbial bile salt hydrolase reprograms bile acid metabolism and ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- The Polysaccharides fromNutrients · 2026Article
- Pulsatile FXR activation: Timing bile acid-targeted therapy to physiology.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Mechanism of FXR signaling: from liver inflammation to hepatocellular carcinoma.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Metabolic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Berberine-Rationale for Its Therapeutic Potential in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nanocellulose Alleviates Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy via Gut Microbiota-Mediated Bile Acid Homeostasis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- GV-971 remodels the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR axis to ameliorate obesity and metabolic dysfunction.Cell discovery · 2026Article
- Targeting the Gut-Liver Mitochondria Axis in MASLD: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Current medical science · 2026Review
- Sialic acid exacerbates polycystic ovary syndrome in mice by modulating gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism and FXR activation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid Axis in Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Gallbladder Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Declining FXR expression coordinates neonatal beta cell mass development with microbial bile acid metabolism maturation in mice.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism in liver disease: Mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic opportunities.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Bile acid signaling, metabolism, and aging.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Integrating bile acid metabolism into precision nutrition strategies for improved swine performance.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Review
- Arginase 1 promotes hepatic lipogenesis by regulating ERK2/PPARγ signaling in a non-canonical manner.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The functions of gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism in intestinal immunity.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
147 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiota is associated with metabolic diseases including obesity, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as shown by correlative studies and by transplant of microbiota from obese humans and mice into germ-free mice. Modification of the microbiota by treatment of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with tempol or antibiotics resulted in decreased adverse metabolic phenotypes. This was owing to lower levels of the genera Lactobacillus and decreased bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. The decreased BSH resulted in increased levels of tauro-β-muricholic acid (MCA), a substrate of BSH and a potent farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist. Mice lacking expression of FXR in the intestine were resistant to HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, thus confirming that intestinal FXR is involved in the potentiation of metabolic disease. A potent intestinal FXR antagonist, glycine-β-MCA (Gly-MCA), which is resistant to BSH, was developed, which, when administered to HFD-treated mice, mimics the effect of the altered microbiota on HFD-induced metabolic disease. Gly-MCA had similar effects on genetically obese leptin-deficient mice. The decrease in adverse metabolic phenotype by tempol, antibiotics, and Gly-MCA was caused by decreased serum ceramides. Mice lacking FXR in the intestine also have lower serum ceramide levels, and are resistant to HFD-induced metabolic disease, and this was reversed by injection of C16:0 ceramide. In mouse ileum, because of the presence of endogenous FXR agonists produced in the liver, FXR target genes involved in ceramide synthesis are activated and when Gly-MCA is administered they are repressed, which likely accounts for the decrease in serum ceramides. These studies show that ceramides produced in the ileum under control of FXR influence metabolic diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.