ArticlePloS one2016
A European Spectrum of Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers: Implications for Clinical Pharmacogenomics.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Knowledge and attitudes of medical and pharmacy students about pharmacogenomics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2023Pooled it
- Pharmacogenomic landscape of a Moroccan cohort: enhancing global diversity and addressing the North African gap.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genome-wide screening of pharmacogenomic biomarkers in jordanian patients with genetic disorders.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2025Article
- Cost-utility analysis of pharmacogenomics-guided tacrolimus treatment of Slovenian patients undergoing kidney transplantation in the U-PGx PREPARE study.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2025Article
- Systematic analysis of the pharmacogenomics landscape towards clinical implementation of precision therapeutics in Greece.Human genomics · 2025Article
- The impact ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Genetic Landscape of VIP Pharmacogenomic Variants in the Kinh Vietnamese Population.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Unveiling the heritability of selected unexplored pharmacogenetic markers in the Saudi population.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive pharmacogenomics profiling of the Serbian population.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Scoping review of enablers and challenges of implementing pharmacogenomics testing in the primary care settings.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Genetic ancestry in population pharmacogenomics unravels distinct geographical patterns related to drug toxicity.iScience · 2024Article
- The Frequency of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4/5 Genotypes and The Impact of Their Allele Translation and Phenoconversion-Predicted Enzyme Activity on Risperidone Pharmacokinetics in Saudi Children with Autism.Biochemical genetics · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of CYP3A5 genotype-guided tacrolimus dosing in solid organ transplantation using real-world data.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2024Article
- Initial Low-Dose Hydroxyurea and Anagrelide Combination in Essential Thrombocythemia: Comparable Response with Lower Toxicity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Genetic variability in the cholecystokinin A receptor affects lipid profile and glucose tolerance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Can Pharmacogenetic Variants inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Global distribution of functionally important CYP2C9 alleles and their inferred metabolic consequences.Human genomics · 2023Article
- Pharmacogenomic profile of a central European urban random population-Czech population.PloS one · 2023Observational
- Considerations into pharmacogenomics of COVID-19 pharmacotherapy: Hope, hype and reality.Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
50 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics aims to correlate inter-individual differences of drug efficacy and/or toxicity with the underlying genetic composition, particularly in genes encoding for protein factors and enzymes involved in drug metabolism and transport. In several European populations, particularly in countries with lower income, information related to the prevalence of pharmacogenomic biomarkers is incomplete or lacking. Here, we have implemented the microattribution approach to assess the pharmacogenomic biomarkers allelic spectrum in 18 European populations, mostly from developing European countries, by analyzing 1,931 pharmacogenomics biomarkers in 231 genes. Our data show significant inter-population pharmacogenomic biomarker allele frequency differences, particularly in 7 clinically actionable pharmacogenomic biomarkers in 7 European populations, affecting drug efficacy and/or toxicity of 51 medication treatment modalities. These data also reflect on the differences observed in the prevalence of high-risk genotypes in these populations, as far as common markers in the CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A5, VKORC1, SLCO1B1 and TPMT pharmacogenes are concerned. Also, our data demonstrate notable differences in predicted genotype-based warfarin dosing among these populations. Our findings can be exploited not only to develop guidelines for medical prioritization, but most importantly to facilitate integration of pharmacogenomics and to support pre-emptive pharmacogenomic testing. This may subsequently contribute towards significant cost-savings in the overall healthcare expenditure in the participating countries, where pharmacogenomics implementation proves to be cost-effective.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.