ReviewHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2017
From discovery to licensure, the Adjuvant System story.
Review in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review on malaria and dengue vaccines for the effective management of these mosquito borne diseases: Improving public health.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Immunofitness in the elderly: The role of vaccination in promoting healthy aging.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Synthesis and In Vivo Immunological Evaluation of Novel Saponin-Antigen Conjugates Incorporating Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate and Peptide Epitopes.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Oral Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins as Immunostimulants: Enhanced Vaccine Immunogenicity via Host Immune Modulation in a Murine CSFV Model.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The challenge of one billion adjuvanted vaccine doses: evaluating scalability, sustainability, and supply capacity of Quillaja saponin QS-21 for large-scale vaccine demand.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Introduction to the Immune System.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Advances in vaccine adjuvant development and future perspectives.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- Novel nanoemulsion adjuvant stabilized by TPGS possesses equivalent physicochemical properties, Turbiscan stability, and adjuvanticity to AS03 for eliciting robust immunogenicity of subunit vaccines in mice.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Elicitation of protective immune responses against influenza a viruses in elderly ferrets by adjuvanted recombinant universal influenza hemagglutinin vaccines.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Mincle receptor agonist UM-1098 and TLR4 agonist INI-2002 combination adjuvant enhances Th1 responses and provides protection againstVaccine: X · 2025Article
- Adsorption of antigen to polymeric nanoparticles enhances cytotoxic T-cell responses and anti-tumor immunity by targeting conventional type 1 dendritic cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- A novel cationic liposome-formulated toll like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist enhances the efficacy of a vaccine against fentanyl toxicity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Leaf Saponins ofPharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Novel adjuvant delivery system constructed by alum-emulsion hybrid nanoparticles with TLR9 agonists boosts vaccine immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Characterizing TLR4 agonist EmT4™ as an anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine adjuvant.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Transient pain and long-term gain: adjuvant dose directs immune memory.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- The recent advances in vaccine adjuvants.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Feline immunodeficiency virus: current insights into pathogenesis, clinical impact, and advances in treatment and vaccine development.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adjuvants are substances added to vaccines to improve their immunogenicity. Used for more than 80 years, aluminum, the first adjuvant in human vaccines, proved insufficient to develop vaccines that could protect against new challenging pathogens such as HIV and malaria. New adjuvants and new combinations of adjuvants (Adjuvant Systems) have opened the door to the delivery of improved and new vaccines against re-emerging and difficult pathogens. Adjuvant Systems concept started through serendipity. The access to new developments in technology, microbiology and immunology have been instrumental for the dicephering of what they do and how they do it. This knowledge opens the door to more rational vaccine design with implications for developing new and better vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.