ArticleJournal of oncology2016
Study of the Effects of Betaine and/or C-Phycocyanin on the Growth of Lung Cancer A549 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.
Article in Journal of oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic potential of betaine and its derivatives in cancer treatment: a comprehensive review.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Natural Alternatives in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Mechanisms Perspective.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Betaine Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion in OSCC Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Effects of the algae derivatives on performance, intestinal histomorphology, ileal microflora, and egg yolk biochemistry of laying Japanese quail.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Compounds fromLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anti-lung Cancer Marine Compounds: A Review.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2022Review
- Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Is Involved in the Phycocyanin-Mediated Antineoplastic Function of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Phycocyanin fromLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Role of betaine in inhibiting the induction of RNA Pol III gene transcription and cell growth caused by alcohol.Chemico-biological interactions · 2020Article
- Betaine suppresses cell proliferation by increasing oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and inflammation in DU-145 human prostate cancer cell line.Cell stress & chaperones · 2019Article
- C-Phycocyanin Suppresses the In Vitro Proliferation and Migration of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells through Reduction of RIPK1/NF-κB Activity.Marine drugs · 2019Article
- Article
- New Drugs from the Sea: Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Sponges and Algae Derived Compounds.Marine drugs · 2019Review
- Transcriptome Analysis of Phycocyanin-Mediated Inhibitory Functions on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cell Growth.Marine drugs · 2018Article
- Two Classes of Pigments, Carotenoids and C-Phycocyanin, in Spirulina Powder and Their Antioxidant Activities.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- The In Vitro Anti-Tumor Activity of Phycocyanin against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.Marine drugs · 2018Article
- Phycocyanin: A Potential Drug for Cancer Treatment.Journal of Cancer · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the effects of betaine, C-phycocyanin (C-PC), and their combined use on the growth of A549 lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo. When cells were coincubated with betaine and C-PC, an up to 60% decrease in viability was observed which is significant compared to betaine (50%) or C-PC treatment alone (no decrease). Combined treatment reduced the stimulation of NF-κB expression by TNF-α and increased the amount of the proapoptotic p38 MAPK. Interestingly, combined treatment induced a cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase for ~60% of cells. In vivo studies were performed in pathogen-free male nude rats injected with A549 cells in their right flank. Their daily food was supplemented with either betaine, C-PC, both, or neither. Compared to the control group, tumour weights and volumes were significantly reduced in either betaine- or C-PC-treated groups and no additional decrease was obtained with the combined treatment. This data indicates that C-PC and betaine alone may efficiently inhibit tumour growth in rats. The synergistic activity of betaine and C-PC on A549 cells growth observed in vitro remains to be further confirmed in vivo. The reason behind the nature of their interaction is yet to be sought.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.