Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27633103›Full record

ReviewAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2016

Snack Food, Satiety, and Weight.

Valentine Yanchou Njike, Teresa M Smith, Omree Shuval, Kerem Shuval, Ingrid Edshteyn, Vahid Kalantari, Amy L Yaroch

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  11. Stressors, Emotions and Eating: Evidence for Time-Pressure-Driven Snacking Rather Than Emotional Eating.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2026
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13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Valentine Yanchou NjikeYale University Prevention Research Center and Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT; valentine.njike@yalegriffinprc.org.
Teresa M SmithThe Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE;
Omree ShuvalFlexible Minds, Rotterdam, Netherlands; and.
Kerem ShuvalAmerican Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
Ingrid EdshteynGriffin Hospital, Derby, CT;
Vahid KalantariYale University Prevention Research Center and.
Amy L YarochThe Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE;

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In today's society, snacking contributes close to one-third of daily energy intake, with many snacks consisting of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods. Choices made with regard to snacking are affected by a multitude of factors on individual, social, and environmental levels. Social norms, for example, that emphasize healthful eating are likely to increase the intake of nutrient-rich snacks. In addition, satiety, the feeling of fullness that persists after eating, is an important factor in suppressing overconsumption, which can lead to overweight and obesity. Thus, eating snacks between meals has the potential to promote satiety and suppress overconsumption at the subsequent meal. Numerous studies have explored the relation between snack foods and satiety. These studies concluded that whole foods high in protein, fiber, and whole grains (e.g., nuts, yogurt, prunes, and popcorn) enhance satiety when consumed as snacks. Other foods that are processed to include protein, fiber, or complex carbohydrates might also facilitate satiety when consumed as snacks. However, studies that examined the effects of snack foods on obesity did not always account for satiety and the dietary quality and portion size of the snacks consumed. Thus, the evidence concerning the effects of snack foods on obesity has been mixed, with a number of interventional and observational studies not finding a link between snack foods and increased weight status. Although further prospective studies are warranted to conclusively determine the effects of snack foods on obesity risk, the consumption of healthful snacks likely affects satiety and promotes appetite control, which could reduce obesity.

Indexed as

Appetite RegulationDietFeeding BehaviorNutritive ValueSatiationSnacksBody Mass IndexBody WeightHumansObesityenergy densitynutrient densityoverweightsatietysnack food

Identifiers

PMID27633103
PMCPMC5015032

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.