ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2016
Alcohol Use and Associations With Biological Markers and Self-Reported Indicators of Unprotected Sex in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Female Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Intimate partner sexual violence is associated with unhealthy alcohol use among Kenyan women engaged in sex work.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Fertility Desire and Associations with Condomless Sex, Antiretroviral Adherence, and Transmission Potential in a Cohort of Kenyan Women Living with HIV in Sero-discordant Relationships: A Mixed Methods Study.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Alcohol use and associated risk factors among female sex workers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Harmful Alcohol and Drug Use Is Associated with Syndemic Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Nairobi, Kenya.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A Prospective Study of Depressive Symptoms, Condomless Sex, and HIV Viral Load in HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Condom-use negotiation, alcohol consumption, and HIV-risk sexual behavior among female sex workers in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study.Journal of public health research · 2021Article
- Late antiretroviral refills and condomless sex in a cohort of HIV-seropositive pregnant and postpartum Kenyan women.PloS one · 2021Article
- Psychosocial Factors, Condomless Sex, and Detectable Viral Load in HIV-Positive Women in Serodiscordant Couples in Nairobi, Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
- Associations among experienced and internalized stigma, social support, and depression among male and female sex workers in Kenya.International journal of public health · 2020Article
- Female Sex Workers Often Incorrectly Interpret HIV Self-Test Results in Uganda.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies of alcohol use and sexual behavior in African populations have primarily been cross-sectional, used nonvalidated measures of alcohol use, or relied on self-reported sexual risk endpoints. Few have focused on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women.
methodsLongitudinal data were collected from a cohort of HIV-positive Kenyan female sex workers. At enrollment and annual visits, participants were asked about past-year alcohol use using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The primary endpoint was detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in vaginal secretions at quarterly examinations. Associations between hazardous/harmful alcohol use (AUDIT score ≥7), PSA detection, and secondary measures of sexual risk were evaluated using generalized estimating equations with a log binomial regression model.
resultsA total of 405 women contributed 2750 vaginal samples over 606 person-years of follow-up. Hazardous/harmful alcohol use was reported at 16.6% of AUDIT assessments and was associated with higher risk of PSA detection (relative risk 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-2.01) relative to no alcohol use. This association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant, after adjusting for age, work venue, intimate partner violence, depression, and partnership status (adjusted relative risk, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-1.56). In exploratory analyses, alcohol use was associated with self-report of unprotected sex and with sexually transmitted infection acquisition.
conclusionsAlthough hazardous/harmful alcohol use was not associated with detection of PSA in adjusted analysis, associations with secondary outcomes suggest that alcohol use is at least a marker of sexual risk behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.