ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2016
Multitype Infections With Human Papillomavirus: Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular characterization and evolutionary dynamics of a recombinant PDCoV strain in a swine diarrhea epidemic with SADS-CoV co-infection.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Global Estimates of the HPV-related, Noncervical Cancer Burden in People With HIV and AIDS and the Potential Effect of Improved HPV Vaccine Coverage in This Population: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Modeling Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in seropositive women for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) coinfection.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2024Article
- Adult-onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis at a South African Referral Hospital.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022Article
- Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus.CA: a cancer journal for clinicians · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection predisposes women to genital coinfection with human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Concurrent infection with multiple HPV types has been documented, but its frequency, correlates, and impact on development of precancer are poorly defined in HIV-seropositive women.
methodsHuman immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women and -seronegative comparison women were enrolled in a cohort study and followed every 6 months from 1994 to 2006. Cervicovaginal lavage samples were tested for HPV types using polymerase chain reaction amplification with MY09/MY11 consensus primers followed by hybridization with consensus and HPV type-specific probes. Analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations.
resultsMultitype HPV infections were found in 594 (23%) of 2543 HIV-seropositive women and 49 (5%) of 895 HIV-seronegative women (P < 0.0001). Compared with HPV uninfected women, those with multiple concurrent HPV infections were more likely to be younger, nonwhite, and current smokers, with lower CD4 counts and HIV RNA levels. The average proportion of women with multitype HPV infections across visits was 21% in HIV-seropositive women and 3% in HIV-seronegative women (P <0.0001). Compared with infection with 1 oncogenic HPV type, multitype concurrent infection with at least 1 other HPV type at baseline did not measurably increase the risk of ever having cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3+ detected during follow-up (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-2.03, P = 0.65).
conclusionsConcurrent multitype HPV infection is common in HIV-seropositive women and frequency rises as CD4 count declines, but multitype infection does not increase precancer risk.
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