ArticlePsychopharmacology2016
Characterizing the relationship between increases in the cost of nicotine and decreases in nicotine content in adult male rats: implications for tobacco regulation.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotine Reduction in Cigarettes: Literature Review and Gap Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- Preclinical abuse potential testing using behavioral economics and drug self-administration demand-curve analysis: A strategy to improve resolution of drug stratification for regulatory control.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Magnitude and predictors of elasticity of demand for morphine are similar in male and female rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Water-Soluble Carbon Dots in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: Their Properties and the Behavioural, Neuroendocrinological, and Neurotransmitter Changes They Induce in Mice.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Sex Differences in the Elasticity of Demand for Nicotine and Food in Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Rewarding Effects of Nicotine in Adolescent and Adult Male and Female Rats as Measured Using Intracranial Self-stimulation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Examining effects of unit price on preference for reduced nicotine content cigarettes and smoking rate.Preventive medicine · 2019Article
- Economic demand analysis of within-session dose-reduction during nicotine self-administration.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Cocaine-associated decision-making: Toward isolating preference.Neuropharmacology · 2019Article
- Status and Future Directions of Preclinical Behavioral Pharmacology in Tobacco Regulatory Science.Behavior analysis (Washington, D.C.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA large reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes may benefit public health by reducing the rate and the prevalence of smoking. A behavioral economics framework suggests that a decrease in nicotine content may be considered an increase in the unit price of nicotine (unit price = reinforcer cost/reinforcer magnitude). Increasing the price of cigarettes (i.e., increasing reinforcer cost) would be considered an equivalent change in unit price to reducing nicotine content (i.e., reducing reinforcer magnitude).
objectivesThe goal of the present experiments was to characterize the relationship between increases in nicotine cost and decreases in nicotine dose. MATERIALS AND
methodsA rat self-administration model was used to assess this relationship across three experiments, with an emphasis on very low nicotine doses to model a potential nicotine reduction policy. Cost was manipulated via changes in the number of responses required to earn an infusion.
resultsResults show that increases in the cost of nicotine and decreases in nicotine content were not equivalent manipulations. Nicotine consumption was more sensitive to nicotine dose than to nicotine cost. Nicotine consumption was also not equivalent across a variety of cost and dose combinations forming a single unit price.
conclusionsResults of the present studies suggest that nicotine reduction is likely to have a large impact on nicotine exposure from cigarettes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.