ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2016
Abuse liability assessment of an e-cigarette refill liquid using intracranial self-stimulation and self-administration models in rats.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Role of Nicotine and Flavor in the Abuse Potential and Appeal of Electronic Cigarettes for Adult Current and Former Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Users: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Pooled it
- Preclinical abuse potential testing using behavioral economics and drug self-administration demand-curve analysis: A strategy to improve resolution of drug stratification for regulatory control.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- The role of β-Nicotyrine in E-Cigarette abuse liability I: Drug Discrimination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Hyperactivity Induced By Vapor Inhalation of Nicotine in Male and Female Rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Magnitude and predictors of elasticity of demand for morphine are similar in male and female rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Withdrawal from repeated nicotine vapor exposure increases somatic signs of physical dependence, anxiety-like behavior, and brain reward thresholds in adult male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Dopamine D1-like receptor activation decreases nicotine intake in rats with short or long access to nicotine.Addiction biology · 2023Article
- Elucidating the reinforcing effects of nicotine: a tribute to Nadia Chaudhri.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Cigarette Smoke Extract, but Not Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Extract, Inhibits Monoamine OxidaseFrontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- The reinforcement threshold and elasticity of demand for nicotine in an adolescent rat model of depression.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- β-Carbolines found in cigarette smoke elevate intracranial self-stimulation thresholds in rats.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2020Article
- Higher anhedonia during withdrawal from initial opioid exposure is protective against subsequent opioid self-administration in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Flavor-specific enhancement of electronic cigarette liquid consumption and preference in mice.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Comparison of the Relative Abuse Liability of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Extracts and Nicotine Alone in Adolescent Rats: A Behavioral Economic Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Modeling drug exposure in rodents using e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2020Review
- E-Cigarette Quality Control: Impurity and Nicotine Level Analysis in Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquids.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2020Article
- Comparison of cigarette, little cigar, and waterpipe tobacco smoke condensate and e-cigarette aerosol condensate in a self-administration model.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Non-nicotine constituents in e-cigarette aerosol extract attenuate nicotine's aversive effects in adolescent rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Effects of nicotine and THC vapor inhalation administered by an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) in male rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Propylene glycol, a major electronic cigarette constituent, attenuates the adverse effects of high-dose nicotine as measured by intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has increased dramatically despite their unknown health consequences. Because the abuse liability of ECs is one of the leading concerns of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), models to assess it are urgently needed to inform FDA regulatory decisions regarding these products. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative abuse liability of an EC liquid compared to nicotine alone in rats. Because this EC liquid contains non-nicotine constituents that may enhance its abuse liability, we hypothesized that it would have greater abuse liability than nicotine alone.
methodsNicotine alone and nicotine dose-equivalent concentrations of EC liquid were compared in terms of their acute effects on intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds, acquisition of self-administration, reinforcing efficacy (i.e., elasticity of demand), blockade of these behavioral effects by mecamylamine, nicotine pharmacokinetics and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding and activation.
resultsThere were no significant differences between formulations on any measure, except that EC liquid produced less of an elevation in ICSS thresholds at high nicotine doses.
conclusionsCollectively, these findings suggest that the relative abuse liability of this EC liquid is similar to that of nicotine alone in terms of its reinforcing and reinforcement-enhancing effects, but that it may have less aversive/anhedonic effects at high doses. The present methods may be useful for assessing the abuse liability of other ECs to inform potential FDA regulation of those products.
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Registered trials
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