Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27625189›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2016

Screening and diagnosis of HBV in low-income and middle-income countries.

Jean-Pierre Allain, Ohene Opare-Sem

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors from Yaoundé, Cameroon.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2019
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  18. Hepatitis B Virus and microRNAs: A Bioinformatics Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jean-Pierre AllainDepartment of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Science Village, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford CB10 1XL, UK.
Ohene Opare-SemDepartment of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, University Post Office, Kumasi, Ghana.
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology · GHUniversity of Chester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HBV testing and diagnosis of HBV-related liver disease in low-income and middle-income countries differs substantially from that in developed countries in terms of access to resources and expensive technologies requiring highly specialized staff. For identification and classification of HBV infection, genomic amplification methods to detect and quantify HBV DNA are often nonexistent or available only in central laboratories of major cities. When samples from peripheral locations do arrive, delays in receiving results generate loss to follow-up. Testing is often limited to measurement of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), alanine aminotransferase levels, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to determine indications for antiviral therapy (AVT). Utilization of AVT is limited by cost and availability, particularly when patients are not covered by health insurance. The natural history of HBV infection is influenced by genotypes B and C in East Asia, where decades of immune tolerance have led to mostly vertical transmission; in sub-Saharan Africa, where genotypes A1 and E predominate, infection is transmitted horizontally between young children, followed by a nonreplicative phase. In both regions, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are common and would be considerably ameliorated by AVT. Implementation of the HBV vaccine since the 1990s in Asia and 2000s in Africa has decreased the incidence of HBV, but vaccine failure and insufficiently effective prevention remain concerning issues.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesAntibodies, ViralAntibody FormationAntiviral AgentsBiomarkersCoinfectionDNA, ViralDrug Resistance, ViralEarly DiagnosisHepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B virusHIV InfectionsHumansLiver CirrhosisAntibodies, ViralAntiviral AgentsBiomarkersDNA, ViralHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B Surface Antigens

Identifiers

PMID27625189
OpenAlexW2518914342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.