ArticleGynecologic oncology2016
In vitro inhibition of human papillomavirus following use of a carrageenan-containing vaginal gel.
Article in Gynecologic oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of a Carrageenan gel Against Transmission of Cervical HPV (CATCH): interim analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2B trial.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2019Trial
- The Potential Lubricating Mechanism of Alginate Acid and Carrageenan on the Inner Surface of Orthokeratology Lenses.Polymers · 2025Article
- Electrospun hydrogel-forming nanofibres embedded in a pH-responsive film for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
- Advances in the Prevention of Cervical Cancer by Anti-Human Papillomavirus Agents.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- The impact of vaccine access difficulties on HPV vaccine intention and uptake among female university students in China.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of a self-applied carrageenan-based gel to prevent human papillomavirus infection in sexually active young women (CATCH study): an exploratory phase IIB randomised, placebo-controlled trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Strandings as Renewable Source for Potential Antivirals againstMarine drugs · 2022Article
- Marine sulfated polysaccharides as potential antiviral drug candidates to treat Corona Virus disease (COVID-19).Carbohydrate research · 2021Review
- Recent Advances in Polymer-Based Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Advances in Targeting HPV Infection as Potential Alternative Prophylactic Means.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Carrageenans as Broad-Spectrum Microbicides: Current Status and Challenges.Marine drugs · 2020Review
- Carrageenan-Based Acyclovir Mucoadhesive Vaginal Tablets for Prevention of Genital Herpes.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- Marine Algal Antioxidants as Potential Vectors for Controlling Viral Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Griffithsin carrageenan fast dissolving inserts prevent SHIV HSV-2 and HPV infections in vivo.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Advances in Designing and Developing Vaccines, Drugs and Therapeutic Approaches to Counter Human Papilloma Virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- An intravaginal ring that releases three antiviral agents and a contraceptive blocks SHIV-RT infection, reduces HSV-2 shedding, and suppresses hormonal cycling in rhesus macaques.Drug delivery and translational research · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess in vitro efficacy of Divine 9, a carrageenan-based vaginal lubricant that is being studied as a microbicide to inhibit HPV16 pseudovirus (PsV) infection.
methodsSexually active US women between 19 and 35years without prior HPV vaccination or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were instructed to use Divine 9 vaginally with an applicator either before sex only or before and after intercourse. Women who applied a single dose of gel returned for cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) collection 1, 4 or 8-12h after intercourse versus those who applied gel before and after intercourse returned 1, 4 or 8-12h after the second gel dose. Carrageenan concentrations were assessed using an ELISA assay and the inhibitory activity was assessed using a PsV-based neutralization assay against HPV16 infection. Carrageenan concentrations and the percentage of PsV16 inhibition were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
resultsThirteen women were enrolled and thirty specimens from different time-points were assessed. 87% of CVL samples had detectable carrageenans with levels decreasing over time from intercourse. 93% of CVL samples had detectable PsV16 inhibition with median inhibition of 97.5%. PsV16 inhibition decreased over time, but remained high, with median inhibition of 98.1%, 97.4% and 83.4% at 1, 4 and 8-12h, respectively. Higher carrageenan concentrations were associated with higher levels of PsV16 inhibition (rho=0.69).
conclusionsThis is the first report of a human study investigating in vitro HPV inhibition of a carrageenan-based vaginal lubricant with CVL collected after sexual intercourse. We demonstrate excellent efficacy in preventing PsV16 infection.
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Registered trials
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