ArticlePsychological medicine2016
Network analysis of depression and anxiety symptom relationships in a psychiatric sample.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 430 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
430 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 900 citations in OpenAlex.
- A network model of depressive and anxiety symptoms: a statistical evaluation.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of lavender oil preparation silexan on different symptoms of major depression - results from a randomized, controlled trial.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Effects of Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on Long-Term Quality of Life: A Causal Mediation Analysis Across Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms.Depression and anxiety · 2026Trial
- Lavender oil preparation Silexan is effective in mild-to-moderate major depression: a randomized, placebo- and reference-controlled trial.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Trial
- A network analysis of mental, somatic health, and perceived social supports among Chinese pregnant and postpartum women.Global health action · 2026Article
- Relations among daily symptoms of depression.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- Arabic Validation of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale: Psychometric Properties, Measurement Invariance, and Gender-Specific Network Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Network Structure and Central Symptoms of Depression in Older Korean Adults: A Community-Based Analysis.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- Psychometric Network Characteristics of Anxiety and Depression Among Chinese Physical Education Teachers.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Network analysis of smartphone addiction, attentional control, and learning adaptation among nursing undergraduates.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Unveiling intervention targets: urban-rural disparities in depression-anxiety symptoms networks among Chinese older adults living alone.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
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- Anxiety and depression subtypes and their psychotherapy response: A network analysis of 33,675 patients.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Unveiling symptom-level pathways: a network analysis of fear of missing out and mobile phone addiction among Chinese college students.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Dietary diversity trajectories and depression symptoms among rural older adults: a latent class growth analysis and network analysis based on the China longitudinal health and longevity study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Sex Disparities in Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Adolescents in the Western Pacific Region: Insights From Epidemiological Trends and Clinical Sample.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Associations between sexual minority and intraminority stressors and thinness- and muscularity-oriented eating and body image disturbances in sexual minoritized men: Variable-centered, person-centered, and network analyses.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Anxiety-depression symptom networks across emotion regulation profiles in Chinese nurses: a latent profile and network analysis.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD-7) in Ukrainian sample during wartime.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
370 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResearchers have studied psychological disorders extensively from a common cause perspective, in which symptoms are treated as independent indicators of an underlying disease. In contrast, the causal systems perspective seeks to understand the importance of individual symptoms and symptom-to-symptom relationships. In the current study, we used network analysis to examine the relationships between and among depression and anxiety symptoms from the causal systems perspective.
methodWe utilized data from a large psychiatric sample at admission and discharge from a partial hospital program (N = 1029, mean treatment duration = 8 days). We investigated features of the depression/anxiety network including topology, network centrality, stability of the network at admission and discharge, as well as change in the network over the course of treatment.
resultsIndividual symptoms of depression and anxiety were more related to other symptoms within each disorder than to symptoms between disorders. Sad mood and worry were among the most central symptoms in the network. The network structure was stable both at admission and between admission and discharge, although the overall strength of symptom relationships increased as symptom severity decreased over the course of treatment.
conclusionsExamining depression and anxiety symptoms as dynamic systems may provide novel insights into the maintenance of these mental health problems.
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