Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27621193›Full record

Trial reportMetabolism: clinical and experimental2016

Dietary saturated fat and monounsaturated fat have reversible effects on brain function and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in young women.

Julie A Dumas, Janice Y Bunn, Joshua Nickerson, Karen I Crain, David B Ebenstein, Emily K Tarleton, Jenna Makarewicz, Matthew E Poynter, Craig Lawrence Kien

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to bone mineral density, osteoporosis risk and fracture risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Saturated fat in an evolutionary context.Lipids in health and disease · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Julie A DumasDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. Electronic address: julie.dumas@uvm.edu.
Janice Y BunnDepartment of Medical Biostatistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Joshua NickersonDepartment of Radiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Karen I CrainDepartment of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
David B EbensteinDepartment of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Emily K TarletonCollege of Medicine Clinical Research Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Jenna MakarewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Matthew E PoynterDepartment of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Craig Lawrence KienDepartment of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. Electronic address: cl.kien@uvm.edu.
University of Vermont · USUniversity of Vermont Medical Center · US

Funding

Vermont Immunology/Infectious Diseases CenterP30GM118228 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI BUDD, RALPH C · 2016 to 2021
$6.8M
Palmitate Metabolism and Insulin ResistanceR01DK082803 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI KIEN, CRAIG LAWRENCE · 2010 to 2013
$2.1M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK082803NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM118228
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious literature suggests that a higher ratio of palmitic acid (PA)/oleic acid (OA) in the diet induces inflammation, which may result in deficient brain insulin signaling, and, secondarily, impaired physical activity, sleep efficiency, and cognitive functioning.

objectiveWe hypothesized that lowering the typical dietary PA/OA would affect the activation of relevant brain networks during a working memory task and would also lower secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

designIn 12 female subjects participating in a randomized, cross-over trial comparing 3-week high PA diet (HPA) and low PA and a high OA diet (HOA), we evaluated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using an N-back test of working memory, cytokine secretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and plasma cytokine concentrations.

resultsBrain activation during the HPA diet compared to the HOA diet was increased in regions of the basal ganglia including the caudate and putamen (p<0.005). In addition, compared to the HOA diet, during the HPA diet, the plasma concentrations of IL-6 (p=0.04) and IL-1β (p=0.05) were higher, and there was a higher secretion of IL-18 (p=0.015) and a trend for higher IL-1β secretion (p=0.066) from LPS-stimulated PBMCs.

conclusionsThe HPA diet resulted in increased brain activation in the basal ganglia compared to the HOA diet as well as increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These data provide evidence that short-term (2week) diet interventions impact brain network activation during a working memory task and that these effects are reversible since the order of the study diets was randomized. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that lowering the dietary PA content via substitution with OA also could affect cognition.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultBasal GangliaBrainCognitionCross-Over StudiesCytokinesDietary FatsDietary Fats, UnsaturatedFatty AcidsFatty Acids, MonounsaturatedHumansInsulinLipopolysaccharidesMemory, Short-TermMonocytesCytokinesDietary FatsDietary Fats, UnsaturatedFatty AcidsFatty Acids, MonounsaturatedInsulinLipopolysaccharidesOleic AcidPalmitic AcidBrain activationCytokinesFunctional magnetic resonance imagingOleic acidPalmitic acid

Identifiers

PMID27621193
PMCPMC5023067
OpenAlexW2491530692

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.