ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Unholy marriages and eternal triangles: how competition in the mushroom life cycle can lead to genomic conflict.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution, Development, and the Incoherence of Sex: A Framework for Multiple Sex Concepts.Integrative and comparative biology · 2026Article
- Sexual spores in mushrooms: bioactive compounds, factors and molecular mechanisms of spore formation.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Spore-Derived Isolates from a Single Basidiocarp of BioluminescentMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Longevity of Fungal Mycelia and Nuclear Quality Checks: a New Hypothesis for the Role of Clamp Connections in Dikaryons.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- Mycelium vs. Fruiting Bodies of Edible Fungi-A Comparison of Metabolites.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict.eLife · 2022Article
- Somatic deficiency causes reproductive parasitism in a fungus.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Evolutionary maintenance of genomic diversity within arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- Nuclear arms races: Experimental evolution for mating success in the mushroom-forming fungus Schizophyllum commune.PloS one · 2018Article
- The frequency of sex in fungi.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Review
- Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Article
- Sexual selection in hermaphrodites, sperm and broadcast spawners, plants and fungi.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the vast majority of sexual life cycles, fusion between single-celled gametes is directly followed by nuclear fusion, leading to a diploid zygote and a lifelong commitment between two haploid genomes. Mushroom-forming basidiomycetes differ in two key respects. First, the multicellular haploid mating partners are fertilized in their entirety, each cell being a gamete that simultaneously can behave as a female, i.e. contributing the cytoplasm to a zygote by accepting nuclei, and a male gamete, i.e. only donating nuclei to the zygote. Second, after gamete union, the two haploid genomes remain separate so that the main vegetative stage, the dikaryon, has two haploid nuclei per cell. Only when the dikaryon produces mushrooms, do the nuclei fuse to enter a short diploid stage, immediately followed by meiosis and haploid spore formation. So in basidiomycetes, gamete fusion and genome mixing (sex) are separated in time. The 'living apart together' of nuclei in the dikaryon maintains some autonomy for nuclei to engage in a relationship with a different nucleus. We show that competition among the two nuclei of the dikaryon for such 'extramarital affairs' may lead to genomic conflict by favouring genes beneficial at the level of the nucleus, but deleterious at that of the dikaryon.This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'.
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