Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27613929›Full record

ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2017

Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Other Risk Factors for Using Higher-Nicotine/Tar-Yield (Regular Full-Flavor) Cigarettes.

Stephen T Higgins, Ryan Redner, Jeff S Priest, Janice Y Bunn

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Stephen T HigginsVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Ryan RednerVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Jeff S PriestVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Janice Y BunnVermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
University of Vermont · US

Funding

Vermont Center on Behavior and HealthP20GM103644 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 2013 to 2022
$21.3M
Vermont Center on Tobacco Regulatory ScienceP50DA036114 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 2013 to 2017
$19.1M
NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA036114NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionUse of machine-estimated higher nicotine/tar yield (regular full-flavor) cigarettes is associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence. The present study examined risk factors for using full-flavor versus other cigarette types, including socioeconomic disadvantage and other risk factors for tobacco use or tobacco-related adverse health impacts. Associations between use of full-flavor cigarettes and risk of nicotine dependence were also examined.

methodsData were obtained from nationally representative samples of adult cigarette smokers from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Logistic regression and classification and regression tree modeling were used to examine associations between use of full-flavor cigarettes and educational attainment, poverty, race/ethnicity, age, sex, mental illness, alcohol abuse/dependence, and illicit drug abuse/dependence. Logistic regression was used to examine risk for nicotine dependence.

resultsEach of these risk factors except alcohol abuse/dependence independently predicted increased odds of using full-flavor cigarettes (p < .001), with lower educational attainment the strongest predictor, followed by poverty, male sex, younger age, minority race/ethnicity, mental illness, and drug abuse/dependence, respectively. Use of full-flavor cigarettes was associated with increased odds of nicotine dependence within each of these risk factor groupings (p < .01). Cart modeling identified how prevalence of full-flavor cigarette use can vary from a low of 25% to a high of 66% corresponding to differing combinations of these independent risk factors.

conclusionsUse of full-flavor cigarettes is overrepresented in socioeconomically disadvantaged and other vulnerable populations, and associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence. Greater regulation of this cigarette type may be warranted. IMPLICATIONS: Greater regulation of commercially available Regular Full-Flavor Cigarettes may be warranted. Use of this type of cigarette is overrepresented in socioeconomically disadvantaged and other vulnerable populations and associated with increased risk for nicotine dependence.

Indexed as

Social ClassAdolescentAdultFemaleFlavoring AgentsHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedNicotineRisk FactorsSmokingTasteTobacco ProductsTobacco Use DisorderYoung AdultFlavoring AgentsNicotine

Identifiers

PMID27613929
PMCPMC5896555
OpenAlexW2507703898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.