ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2017
Sex Differences in Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy Comparative Efficacy: A Network Meta-analysis.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preventive drug treatments for adults with chronic migraine: a systematic review with economic modelling.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis in Cannabis Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Tobacco Use Among Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Exploring Gender Differences in Receipt of the 5As for Smoking Cessation for Recently Diagnosed Cancer Patients (ECOG-ACRIN EAQ171CD).Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Urge Coping Mediates the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Smoking Outcomes in a Sample of Premenopausal Women Intending to Quit Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Sex-Specific Mediation of Pre-Quit Smoking Reduction: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Extending Varenicline Preloading.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Feasibility and acceptability of testing a menstrual-cycle timed smoking cessation intervention for women of reproductive age (Project Phase): Results of a pilot randomized control trial.Addictive behaviors · 2022Trial
- Varenicline as a treatment for cannabis use disorder: A placebo-controlled pilot trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- The influence of gender and oxytocin on stress reactivity, cigarette craving, and smoking in a randomized, placebo-controlled laboratory relapse paradigm.Psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Exogenous progesterone for smoking cessation in men and women: a pilot double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Trial
- Longitudinal Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial of Varenicline for Alcohol Use Disorder with Comorbid Cigarette Smoking.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Trial
- Pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, reduces nicotine craving in humans, with marginal effects on abuse potential.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2017Trial
- Neuropsychiatric Safety and Efficacy of Varenicline, Bupropion, and Nicotine Patch in Smokers With Psychotic, Anxiety, and Mood Disorders in the EAGLES Trial.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Factors associated with considering switching to nicotine pouches among US adults who smoke.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Is It Time to Update Clinical Care Guidelines to Address Sex and Gender Differences in Smoking Cessation Medication Efficacy?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Smoking Cessation in Black Adults: Differences by Sex and Age.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Predictive Factors for Smoking Cessation Among People With Lung Cancer Attending French Cessation Services, According to Sex.JTO clinical and research reports · 2025Article
- Testing the Acceptability and Feasibility of a Gender-Informed Smoking Cessation mHealth App for Women: Mixed Methods Approach.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- A secondary analysis of the effects of IQOS use on cigarette smoking: Do the effects differ by sex?Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionConverging clinical and biological evidence suggest sex is an important factor when selecting a pharmacological intervention for smoking cessation. The current investigation used network meta-analyses to estimate sex differences in the comparative efficacy of transdermal nicotine (TN), varenicline, and sustained release (SR) bupropion for smoking cessation.
methodsSystematically searched previously published reviews and databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Embase) of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of bupropion-SR, TN, and varenicline for cigarette smoking cessation in primary care/general community samples were included.
resultsThirty-two studies met all criteria and 28 (88%) were included in the final analyses, representing 14 389 smokers (51% female). Results of the full sample (women and men combined) mirrored those from a Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group network meta-analysis of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, showing VAR>TN=BUP. All medications improved quit rates over placebo for both women and men. Relative to placebo, varenicline efficacy was similar for women and men. Significant sex differences were evident when comparing varenicline versus TN and varenicline versus bupropion. For women, varenicline was more efficacious than TN (RR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.12,1.76) and bupropion (RR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.08,1.77). For men, outcomes for those treated with TN and bupropion were similar to those treated with varenicline. There were no differences in efficacy when comparing bupropion versus TN.
conclusionsThe advantage of varenicline over bupropion SR and TN is greater for women than men. Clinicians should strongly consider varenicline as the first option treatment for women. Among men, the advantage of varenicline over TN or bupropion is less clear. IMPLICATIONS: This study provides information for the sex-informed treatment of nicotine addiction among cigarette smokers. Relative to placebo, women and men achieved similar outcomes when treated with varenicline; however the advantages of varenicline over transdermal patch and bupropion were greater for women compared to men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.