Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2017
Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01721473 (Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Density and Veteran Cigarette Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Density and Veteran Cigarette Smokers
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-based behaviour change techniques to aid smoking cessation for pregnant women with mental illness: a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Psychological Therapies Used for the Reduction of Habitual Cigarette Smoking Cigarette Consumption: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review of behavioural smoking cessation interventions for people with severe mental ill health-what works?Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Smoking cessation for improving mental health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in schizophrenia: a systematic review.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2020Pooled it
- Additional behavioural support as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Psychosocial Smoking Cessation Interventions for People with Serious Mental Illness.Journal of dual diagnosisPooled it
- Psychiatric Comorbidity and Multimorbidity in the EAGLES Trial: Descriptive Correlates and Associations With Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events, Treatment Adherence, and Smoking Cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Trial
- COPD and Schizophrenia.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2025Article
- The value of compassionate support to address smoking: A qualitative study with people who experience severe mental illness.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Achieving Smoking Cessation in Individuals with Schizophrenia: Special Considerations.CNS drugs · 2017Review
- Views and Preferences for Nicotine Products as an Alternative to Smoking: A Focus Group Study of People Living with Mental Disorders.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe majority of people with schizophrenia have a diagnosis of tobacco dependence during their lifetime. A major obstacle to reducing the burden of cigarette smoking in this population is that these smokers have lower quit rates when undergoing standard treatment compared to smokers with no mental illness. We sought to determine if combination extended treatment (COMB-EXT) and home visits (HV) would lead to improved outcomes in smokers with schizophrenia.
methodsThirty-four cigarette smokers with schizophrenia completed either COMB-EXT with HV, COMB-EXT without HV, or treatment as usual (TAU) (random assignment). COMB-EXT consisted of group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), bupropion, nicotine patch, and nicotine lozenge, which were initiated within 2 weeks and continued for 26 weekly visits. HV consisted of biweekly visits to the home with assessment of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and brief behavioral therapy with participants and others in the home environment. TAU consisted of group CBT plus serial single or combination medication trials as per standard care.
resultsSmokers with schizophrenia who received COMB-EXT (with or without HV) had greater reductions in cigarettes per day than those treated with TAU (both ps < .01). In addition, 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates for the three groups were 45%, 20%, and 8%, respectively, which was significantly higher for COMB-EXT plus HV than TAU (χ
conclusionCOMB-EXT improves outcomes for smokers with schizophrenia. HV appeared to provide additional benefit for smoking cessation in this treatment-resistant population. IMPLICATIONS: The clear benefit found here of rapidly initiated, combination, extended treatment over TAU suggests that aggressive and extended treatment should be considered in clinical practice for smokers with schizophrenia. Furthermore, HV to address SHS exposure showed initial promise for assisting smokers with schizophrenia in maintaining abstinence, indicating that this intervention may be worthy of future research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.