Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27612875›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2017

Diet quality and academic achievement: a prospective study among primary school children.

Eero A Haapala, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Taisa Venäläinen, Henna Jalkanen, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Timo Ahonen, Virpi Lindi, Timo A Lakka

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01803776 (The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01803776 naunknown statusnot on this map

The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Eastern FinlandRan2007 to 2023Enrolled504ConditionsOverweight, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Lipid Metabolism Disorders, Blood PressureArmslifestyle counseling
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The GReat-Child TrialNutrients · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eero A HaapalaInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. eero.haapala@uef.fi.
Aino-Maija ElorantaInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
Taisa VenäläinenInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
Henna JalkanenInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
Anna-Maija PoikkeusDepartment of Teacher Education, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Timo AhonenDepartment of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Virpi LindiInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
Timo A LakkaInstitute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePoor diet quality may impair academic achievement in children, but such evidence is limited. Therefore, we investigated the associations of healthy diet in Grade 1 assessed by Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS), and Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI) with academic achievement in Grades 1-3 in children.

methodsThe participants were 161 Finnish children who were 6-8 years old in Grade 1 and attended in a large ongoing physical activity and dietary intervention study. Dietary factors were assessed using 4-day food records, and MDS, BSDS, and FCHEI were calculated. Academic achievement was assessed by reading fluency, reading comprehension, and arithmetic skill tests. The data were analyzed using linear regression analysis and analysis of covariance adjusted for age, sex, parental education, household income, body fat percentage, physical activity, the PANIC Study group, and total energy intake.

resultsMDS was positively associated with reading comprehension in Grade 3 (standardized regression coefficient β = 0.167, P = 0.032). BSDS was positively associated with reading fluency in Grades 2-3 and reading comprehension in Grades 1-3 (β = 0.161-0.274, P < 0.05). FCHEI was positively related to reading fluency in Grades 1-2 and reading comprehension in Grades 1-3 (β = 0.190-0.344, P < 0.05). Children in the highest third of BSDS and FCHEI had better reading fluency and reading comprehension in Grades 1-3 than children in the lowest third (P < 0.05). None of the diet scores was associated with arithmetic skills.

conclusionsHealthier diet assessed by BSDS or FCHEI in Grade 1 was associated with better reading skills, but not with arithmetic skills, among children in Grades 1-3. Long-term intervention studies are needed to investigate the effects of improvements in diet quality on academic achievement among children. CLINICAL

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01803776.

Indexed as

Academic SuccessDiet, MediterraneanAnthropometryChildDiet, HealthyExerciseFemaleFinlandFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleNutrition AssessmentProspective StudiesSchoolsSocioeconomic FactorsWhite PeopleAcademic achievementBrainChildrenDietDiet qualityLearning

Identifiers

PMID27612875

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.