ArticlePloS one2016
Huntingtons Disease Mice Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Demonstrate Early Kynurenine Pathway Activation, Altered CD8+ T-Cell Responses, and Premature Mortality.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Toxoplasma Gondii Type II Infection on Serum Serotonin Concentration and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Gene Expression in Balb/c Mice.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Influence of Tryptophan Metabolism on the Protective Effect of Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 in a Murine Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Targeting IDO1 in Huntington's Disease: Network Pharmacology and Preclinical Evidence from Coffea arabica.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Gut Permeability and Inflammation.Inflammation · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota as a Modifier of Huntington's Disease Pathogenesis.Journal of Huntington's disease · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma infection in male mice alters dopamine-sensitive behaviors and host gene expression patterns associated with neuropsychiatric disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Global MicroRNAs Expression Profile Analysis Reveals Possible Regulatory Mechanisms of Brain Injury Induced byFrontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Review
- Morphological and biochemical repercussions ofBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Article
- Searching for Peripheral Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Neuroinflammation-Associated Aspecific Manipulation of Mouse Predator Fear by Toxoplasma gondii.Cell reports · 2020Article
- NK Cells Negatively Regulate CD8 T Cells to Promote Immune Exhaustion and ChronicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Expression of Human Mutant Huntingtin Protein inFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Innate Lymphoid Cells in Protection, Pathology, and Adaptive Immunity During Apicomplexan Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- iNKT Cell Activation Exacerbates the Development of Huntington's Disease in R6/2 Transgenic Mice.Mediators of inflammation · 2019Article
- Repeated immune activation with low-dose lipopolysaccharide attenuates the severity of Huntington's disease in R6/2 transgenic mice.Animal cells and systems · 2018Article
- Neurophysiological Changes Induced by Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Microglial Activation in the Pathogenesis of Huntington's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine-repeat expansion in the huntingtin protein. Activation of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation is implicated in the pathogenesis of HD. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) catalyzes the oxidation of tryptophan to kynurenine, the first step in this pathway. The prevalent, neuroinvasive protozoal pathogen Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) results in clinically silent life-long infection in immune-competent individuals. T. gondii infection results in activation of IDO which provides some protection against the parasite by depleting tryptophan which the parasite cannot synthesize. The kynurenine pathway may therefore represent a point of synergism between HD and T. gondii infection. We show here that IDO activity is elevated at least four-fold in frontal cortex and striata of non-infected N171-82Q HD mice at 14-weeks corresponding to early-advanced HD. T. gondii infection at 5 weeks resulted in elevation of cortical IDO activity in HD mice. HD-infected mice died significantly earlier than wild-type infected and HD control mice. Prior to death, infected HD mice demonstrated decreased CD8+ T-lymphocyte proliferation in brain and spleen compared to wild-type infected mice. We demonstrate for the first time that HD mice have an altered response to an infectious agent that is characterized by premature mortality, altered immune responses and early activation of IDO. Findings are relevant to understanding how T. gondii infection may interact with pathways mediating neurodegeneration in HD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.