ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2017
Prevalent new-user cohort designs for comparative drug effect studies by time-conditional propensity scores.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicenter Cohort Study
Open the trial in the graphUse of Domperidone and Risk of Serious Cardiac Events in Postpartum Women
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Drug safety · 2026Pooled it
- Identifying, handling and impact of immortal time bias on addressing treatment effects in observational studies using routinely collected data.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Overview of Systematic Reviews.Drug safety · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor use and risk of neurodegenerative disease: A Swedish population-based cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- SGLT2i use and fracture risk compared with DPP4i in patients with T2DM.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Combining Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor Plus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist for Glucose-Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes: Effects of Drug Initiation Sequence on Kidney Function in Real-World Clinical Practice (CombiKid Study).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- New to cohort, not new to care: leveraging historical data in HIV clinical cohorts in the United States.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor initiation in sacubitril-valsartan users with heart failure: a population-based cohort study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Observational
- Bone mineral density testing rates and fracture risk across cancers with different mortality risks: a nationwide matched cohort study.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a method to compare outcomes between switchers and continuers in routine clinical practice.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- The choice of time scales in survival analysis has implications: calendar time versus patients' time-to-event.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Time-related Bias With Non-user Control.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of combination therapy with SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs compared with SGLT-2 inhibitors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prevalent new-user cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Assessing Research Impact With Bibliometrics and Altmetrics: The Case of the Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies (CNODES).Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Risk With BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Refining Risk With Nationwide Data.Circulation · 2026Article
- Second- and Third-Generation BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and the Risk of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Prevalent New-User Design.Circulation · 2026Article
- Evaluation of potential approaches for counting person-time in instances where no active comparator is present.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Caution in handling switchers in pharmacoepidemiologic studies estimating treatment effects: the example of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and inflammatory bowel disease.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Family Pharmacist System for Patients With Chronic Cardiovascular or Endocrine Disease.JAMA network open · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeStudies of the real-world comparative effectiveness of drugs conducted using computerized healthcare databases typically involve an incident new-user cohort design for head-to-head comparisons between two medications, using exclusively treatment-naïve patients. However, the desired contrast often involves one new drug compared with an older drug, of which many users of the new drug may have switched from, seriously restricting the scope of incident new-user studies.
methodsWe introduce prevalent new-user cohort designs for head-to-head comparative drug effect studies, where incident new users are scarce. We define time-based and prescription-based exposure sets to compute time-conditional propensity scores of initiating the newer drug and to identify matched subjects receiving the comparator drug. We illustrate this approach using data from the UK's Clinical Practice Research Datalink to evaluate whether the newer glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 analogs) used to treat type 2 diabetes increase the risk of heart failure, in comparison with the older similarly indicated sulfonylureas.
resultsOf the 170 031 users of antidiabetic agents from 2000 onwards, 79 682 used sulfonylureas (first use 2000), while 6196 used GLP-1 analogs (first use 2007), 75% of which had previously used a sulfonylurea. After matching each GLP-1 analog user to a sulfonylurea user on the time-conditional propensity scores from prescription-based exposure sets, the hazard ratio of heart failure with GLP-1 use was 0.73 (95%CI: 0.57-0.93).
conclusionThe proposed prevalent new-user cohort design for comparative drug effects studies allows the use of all or most patients exposed to the newer drug, thus permitting a more comprehensive assessment of a new drug's safety. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.