Observational studyBMC public health2016
Alcohol use and depression: link with adherence and viral suppression in adult patients on antiretroviral therapy in rural Lesotho, Southern Africa: a cross-sectional study.
Observational study in BMC public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02126696 (Study on Non-communicable and Selected Communicable Chronic Comorbidities Among HIV-positive Patients on Anti-retroviral Therapy in Rural Lesotho and Their Association to Virologic Outcome), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study on Non-communicable and Selected Communicable Chronic Comorbidities Among HIV-positive Patients on Anti-retroviral Therapy in Rural Lesotho and Their Association to Virologic Outcome
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Accuracy of measures for antiretroviral adherence in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2020Pooled it
- Burden of Depression in Outpatient HIV-Infected adults in Sub-Saharan Africa; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Alcohol Use and Antiretroviral Therapy Non-Adherence Among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence, determinants, and Help-Seeking behavior for major depressive disorder symptoms in the Lesotho population: A multilevel analysis from the Lesotho demographic and health survey 2023-24.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Mental health and substance use problems among adolescents in Lesotho: Prevalence, access to care, and association with lifestyle factors.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Article
- Face-to-face, confidential and health worker-led: Understanding the preferences for behavioral health services among people with HIV in Lesotho.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- The Relationship between Age at Initiation of Regular Drinking of Alcohol and Viral Suppression Status, and Depression Symptoms Among People Living with HIV in South-Western Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Multilevel and Multifactorial Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Improve ART Adherence and Related Factors Among HIV Positive Men in Mumbai, India.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Alcohol use and viral suppression in HIV-positive Kenyan female sex workers on antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2020Article
- Alcohol use disorder and associated factors among individuals living with HIV in Hawassa City, Ethiopia: a facility based cross- sectional study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2019Article
- Predictors of HIV Care Engagement, Antiretroviral Medication Adherence, and Viral Suppression Among People Living with HIV Infection in St. Petersburg, Russia.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDepression and alcohol use disorder have been shown to be associated with poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Studies examining their association with viral suppression in rural Africa are, however, scarce.
methodsThis study reports prevalence of depressive symptoms and alcohol use disorder, and their potential association with adherence and viral suppression in adult patients on ART in ten clinics in rural Lesotho, Southern Africa.
resultsAmong 1,388 adult patients (69 % women), 80.7 % were alcohol abstinent, 6.3 % were hazardous drinkers (men: 10.7 %, women: 4.4 %, p < 0.001). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 28.8 % (men 20.2 %, women 32.7 %, p < 0.001). Both alcohol consumption (adjusted odds-ratio: 2.09, 95 % CI: 1.58-2.77) and alcohol use disorder (2.73, 95 % CI: 1.68-4.42) were significantly associated with poor adherence. There was, however, no significant association with viral suppression.
conclusionsWhereas the results of this study confirm previously reported association of alcohol use disorder with adherence to ART, there was no association with viral suppression.
trial registrationApril 28th 2014; NCT02126696 .
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