ArticleObstetrics and gynecology2016
Structural Failure Sites in Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse: Identification of a Collinear Triad.
Article in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the association of the dimensions of genital hiatus and levator hiatus with pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2021Pooled it
- Positive effects of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy on anterior lateral defects and stress urinary incontinence.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- [Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Middle Compartment Defect].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
- MRI-Based Structural Failure Comparison between Chinese and American White Women With Prolapse: A Case-Control Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Pubococcygeal Line Versus H-line as MR Defecography Reference for Bladder Descent.International urogynecology journal · 2024Article
- Vaginal morphology and position associated with prolapse recurrence after vaginal surgery: A secondary analysis of the DEMAND study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2024Article
- A comparison of MRI-based pelvic floor support measures between young and old women with prolapse.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Variations in structural support site failure patterns by prolapse size on stress 3D MRI.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Multimodal measurements of levator bowl volume in nulligravid asymptomatic women: endovaginal ultrasound versus MRI.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Women.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Review
- Hiatal failure: effects of pregnancy, delivery, and pelvic floor disorders on level III factors.International urogynecology journal · 2023Review
- Pelvic inclination correction system for magnetic resonance imaging analysis of pelvic organ prolapse in upright position.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Analysis of long-term structural failure after native tissue prolapse surgery: a 3D stress MRI-based study.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Multi-label classification of pelvic organ prolapse using stress magnetic resonance imaging with deep learning.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Multilevel musculo-fascial defect magnetic resonance study of female pelvic floor: retrospective case control study in women with pelvic floor dysfunction after the first vaginal delivery.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Changes in cardinal ligament length and curvature with parity and prolapse and their relation to level III hiatus measures.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- A new 3D stress MRI measurement strategy to quantify surgical correction of prolapse in three support systems.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of hiatus failure in prolapse: a multifaceted evaluation.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- Structural failure sites in posterior vaginal wall prolapse: stress 3D MRI-based analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- From molecular to macro: the key role of the apical ligaments in uterovaginal support.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo test the null hypothesis that six factors representing potential fascial and muscular failure sites contribute equally to the presence and size of a cystocele: two vaginal attachment factors (apical support and paravaginal defects), two vaginal wall factors (vaginal length and width), and two levator ani factors (hiatus size and levator ani defects).
methodsThirty women with anterior-predominant prolapse (women in a case group) and 30 women in a control group underwent three-dimensional stress magnetic resonance imaging. The location of the anterior vaginal wall at maximal Valsalva was identified with the modified Pelvic Inclination Coordinate System and the six factors measured. Analysis included repeated-measure analysis of variance, logistic regression, and stepwise linear regression.
resultsWe identified a collinear triad consisting of apical location, paravaginal location, and hiatus size that were not only the strongest predictors of cystocele size, but were also highly correlated with one another (r=0.84-0.89, P<.001) for the presence and size of the prolapse. Together they explain up to 83% of the variation in cystocele size. Among the less significant vaginal factors, vaginal length explained 19% of the variation in cystocele size, but no significant difference in vaginal width existed. Women in the case group were more likely to have abnormalities in collinear triad factors (up to 80%) than vaginal wall factors (up to 23.3%). Combining the strongest collinear triad with the vaginal factors, the model explained 92.5% of the variation in cystocele size.
conclusionApical location, paravaginal location, and hiatus size are highly correlated and are strong predictors of cystocele presence and size.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.