ArticleThe Analysis of verbal behavior2015
Is the Source of Reinforcement for Naming Multiple Conditioned Reinforcers for Observing Responses?
Article in The Analysis of verbal behavior, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Technical Reading Comprehension in Preschool and Second-Grade Students.Behavior analysis in practice · 2025Article
- Acquisition of Incidental Bidirectional Naming: Isolating the Effects of Probing and Mixed-Operant Instruction.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2025Article
- A Modern Collaborative Behavior Analytic Approach to Incidental Naming.Perspectives on behavior science · 2024Review
- Effects of Serial Multiple Exemplar Training on Bidirectional Naming in Children with Autism.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2024Article
- The Establishment of Incidental Bidirectional Naming through Multiple Exemplar Instruction: a Systematic Replication.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2023Article
- Emergent Tact Control Following Stimulus Pairing: Comparison of Procedural Variations.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2020Article
- The Emergence of Bidirectional Naming Through Sequential Operant Instruction Following the Establishment of Conditioned Social Reinforcers.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2020Article
- Verbal Development, Behavioral Metamorphosis, and the Evolution of Language.Perspectives on behavior science · 2020Article
- Instructional Demonstrations are More Efficient Than Consequences Alone for Children with Naming.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2019Article
- Mastery of Echoics in Chinese Establishes Bidirectional Naming in Chinese for Preschoolers with Naming in English.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2018Article
- Pragmatically Framed Cross-Situational Noun Learning Using Computational Reinforcement Models.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Empirical Application of Skinner's Verbal Behavior to Interventions for Children with Autism: A Review.The Analysis of verbal behavior · 2017Article
- An Abbreviated Evaluation of the Efficiency of Listener and Tact Instruction for Children with Autism.Behavior analysis in practice · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Naming refers to the incidental acquisition of word-object relations as listener and speaker without explicit reinforcement. To investigate possible sources of reinforcement for naming, we examined the effects of a procedure for conditioning reinforcement for observing responses on the emergence of naming in children who previously lacked it. The participants were three 5- to 7-year-old children with and without diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder. During the intervention, either visual or auditory stimuli were first conditioned as reinforcers for observing responses. Then, neutral visual or auditory stimuli were paired with the conditioned visual or auditory stimuli until both visual and auditory stimuli acquired reinforcing properties for observing. Following this intervention, the participants demonstrated naming of stimuli that had been used in pretests for naming, as well as on a novel set of stimuli. We observed increases in echoic responding in conjunction with the emergence of naming and conditioned reinforcement for both observing responses. We interpret the data as suggesting that listener and speaker repertoires are joined for naming only when both visual and auditory stimuli reinforce the observing responses of looking and listening simultaneously.
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