ArticleBMC public health2016
Risk factors for children's blood lead levels in metal mining and smelting communities in Armenia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of blood lead reference values for the Southern Ghanaian population against the background of international recommendations.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2026Article
- Social and spatial distribution of soil lead concentrations in the City of Santa Ana, California: Implications for health inequities.The Science of the total environment · 2020Article
- Blood lead, bone lead and child attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-like behavior.The Science of the total environment · 2019Article
- The State of Public Health Lead Policies: Implications for Urban Health Inequities and Recommendations for Health Equity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Environmental injustice and childhood lead exposure in peri-urban (ger) areas of Darkhan and Erdenet, Mongolia.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Lead Exposure in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Perspectives and Lessons on Patterns, Injustices, Economics, and Politics.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Environmental Lead Exposure and Adult Literacy in Myanmar: An Exploratory Study of Potential Associations at the Township Level.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChildren's exposure to lead poses a significant risk for neurobehavioral consequences. Existing studies documented lead contamination in residential soil in mining and smelting communities in Armenia. This study aimed to assess blood lead levels (BLL) in children living in three communities in Armenia adjacent to metal mining and smelting industries, and related risk factors.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 159 children born from 2007 to 2009 and living in Alaverdi and Akhtala communities and Erebuni district in Yerevan - the capital city. The BLL was measured with a portable LeadCare II Blood Lead Analyzer; a survey was conducted with primary caregivers.
resultsOverall Geometric Mean (GM) of BLL was 6.0 μg/dl: 6.8 for Akhtala, 6.4 for Alaverdi and 5.1 for Yerevan. In the sample 68.6 % of children had BLL above CDC defined reference level of 5 μg/dl: 83.8 % in Akhtala, 72.5 % in Alaverdi, and 52.8 % in Yerevan. Caregiver's lower education, dusting furniture less than daily, and housing distance from toxic source(s) were risk factors for higher BLL. Additional analysis for separate communities demonstrated interaction between housing distance from toxic source(s) and type of window in Erebuni district of Yerevan.
conclusionsThe study demonstrated that children in three communities adjacent to metal mining and smelting industries were exposed to lead. Investigation of the risk factors suggested that in addition to promoting safe industrial practices at the national level, community-specific interventions could be implemented in low- and middle-income countries to reduce BLL among children.
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