ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2016
Engineered Breast Cancer Cell Spheroids Reproduce Biologic Properties of Solid Tumors.
Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Targeting Hypoxia: Hypoxia-Activated Prodrugs in Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Three-tier framework for high-throughput biofabrication: Integrating 3D bioprinting, assistive platforms, and translational opportunities.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- The 3D World of Spheroids: Searching for an Optimal Method of Fabricating Pro-Reparative Cardiospheres.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- 3D Breast Cancer Spheroids Reveal Architecture-Dependent HER2 Expression and Signaling.Biology · 2025Article
- Utility of Multicellular Spheroids for Investigating Mechanisms of Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- New frontiers in anti-cancer drug testing: The need for a relevant In vitro testing model.NAM journal · 2025Review
- Cancer 3D Models: Essential Tools for Understanding and Overcoming Drug Resistance.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Cancer Stemness-Mediated Drug Resistance.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Review
- Comparison of Engineered Liver 3D Models and the Role of Oxygenation for Patient-Derived Tumor Cells and Immortalized Cell Lines Cocultured with Tumor Stroma in the Detection of Hepatotoxins.Advanced biology · 2024Article
- Biological characterization of breast cancer spheroid formed by fast fabrication method.In vitro models · 2024Article
- The role of three-dimensional in vitro models in modelling the inflammatory microenvironment associated with obesity in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Review
- Neuroprotective Effects of gH625-lipoPACAP in an In Vitro Fluid Dynamic Model of Parkinson's Disease.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Optical tissue clearing associated with 3D imaging: application in preclinical and clinical studies.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2022Review
- Article
- Microfluidic Biosensor-Based Devices for Rapid Diagnosis and Effective Anti-cancer Therapeutic Monitoring for Breast Cancer Metastasis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Visualization of hypoxia in cancer cells from effusions in animals and cancer patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Modeling adaptive drug resistance of colorectal cancer and therapeutic interventions with tumor spheroids.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Review
- The New Serum-Free OptiPASSCancers · 2021Article
- Pt(IV) Prodrugs with NSAIDs as Axial Ligands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug TH-302: Exploiting Hypoxia in Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Solid tumors develop as 3D tissue constructs. As tumors grow larger, spatial gradients of nutrients and oxygen and inadequate diffusive supply to cells distant from vasculature develops. Hypoxia initiates signaling and transcriptional alterations to promote survival of cancer cells and generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that have self-renewal and tumor-initiation capabilities. Both hypoxia and CSCs are associated with resistance to therapies and tumor relapse. This study demonstrates that 3D cancer cell models, known as tumor spheroids, generated with a polymeric aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) technology capture these important biological processes. Similar to solid tumors, spheroids of triple negative breast cancer cells deposit major extracellular matrix proteins. The molecular analysis establishes presence of hypoxic cells in the core region and expression of CSC gene and protein markers including CD24, CD133, and Nanog. Importantly, these spheroids resist treatment with chemotherapy drugs. A combination treatment approach using a hypoxia-activated prodrug, TH-302, and a chemotherapy drug, doxorubicin, successfully targets drug resistant spheroids. This study demonstrates that ATPS spheroids recapitulate important biological and functional properties of solid tumors and provide a unique model for studies in cancer research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.