Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27601934›Full record

ArticleMedical devices (Auckland, N.Z.)2016

Biomechanical evaluation of DTRAX(®) posterior cervical cage stabilization with and without lateral mass fixation.

Leonard I Voronov, Krzysztof B Siemionow, Robert M Havey, Gerard Carandang, Avinash G Patwardhan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The use of cervical interfacet devices and related clinical outcomes.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Intraoperative image guidance for cervical spine surgery.Annals of translational medicine · 2021
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. MIS approaches in the cervical spine.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2019
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Leonard I VoronovDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratory, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines.
Krzysztof B SiemionowDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Robert M HaveyDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratory, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines.
Gerard CarandangMusculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratory, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines.
Avinash G PatwardhanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratory, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines.

Funding

Impact of Global and Regional Sagittal Malalignment on Cervical Spine MechanicsI01RX001269 · VA · EDWARD HINES JR VA HOSPITAL · PI PATWARDHAN, AVINASH G. · 2015 to 2017
–
RRD VA I01 RX001269
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLateral mass screw (LMS) fixation with plates or rods is the current standard procedure for posterior cervical fusion. Recently, implants placed between the facet joints have become available as an alternative to LMS or transfacet screws for patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical stability of the DTRAX(®) cervical cage for single- and two-level fusion and compare this to the stability achieved with LMS fixation with rods in a two-level construct.

methodsSix cadaveric cervical spine (C3-C7) specimens were tested in flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation to ±1.5 Nm moment without preload (0 N) in the following conditions: 1) intact (C3-C7), 2) LMS and rods at C4-C5 and C5-C6, 3) removal of all rods (LMS retained) and placement of bilateral posterior cages at C5-C6, 4) bilateral posterior cages at C4-C5 and C5-C6 (without LMS and rods), and 5) C4-C5 and C5-C6 bilateral posterior cages at C4-C5 and C5-C6 with rods reinserted.

resultsBilateral posterior cervical cages significantly reduced range of motion in all tested directions in both single- and multilevel constructs (P<0.05). Similar stability was achieved with bilateral posterior cages and LMS in a two-level construct: 0.6°±0.3° vs 1.2°±0.4° in flexion-extension (P=0.001), (5.0°±2.6° vs 3.1°±1.3°) in lateral bending (P=0.053), (1.3°±1.0° vs 2.2°±0.9°) in axial rotation (P=0.091) for posterior cages and LMS, respectively. Posterior cages, when placed as an adjunct to LMS, further reduced range of motion in a multilevel construct (P<0.05).

conclusionBilateral posterior cages provide similar cervical segmental stability compared with a LMS and rod construct and may be an alternative surgical option for select patients. Furthermore, supplementation of a lateral mass construct with posterior cages increases cervical spine stability in single- and multilevel conditions.

Indexed as

biomechanicscervical facetscervical spineDTRAX cervical cagelateral mass screwposterior fusion

Identifiers

PMID27601934
PMCPMC5003555

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.