ReviewClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR2016
A systematic review of observational studies evaluating costs of adverse drug reactions.
Review in ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interventions to Reduce Adverse Drug Event-Related Outcomes in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Drugs & aging · 2020Pooled it
- Potential Direct Costs of Adverse Drug Events and Possible Cost Savings Achievable by their Prevention in Tuscany, Italy: A Model-Based Analysis.Drug safety · 2019Pooled it
- Ex vivo Drug Metabolism Using Primary Human Hepatocytes for the Detection of Metabolite-Dependent Antibodies to Red Blood Cells.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2025Article
- A review on adverse drug reaction related to medication in health sector: an account of what we have discovered and implemented-pharmacovigilance.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Economic burden of hospital admissions for adverse drug reactions in France: The IATROSTAT-ECO study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- BiMPADR: A Deep Learning Framework for Predicting Adverse Drug Reactions in New Drugs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evaluating the costs of adverse drug events in hospitalized patients: a systematic review.Health economics review · 2024Review
- Patient perceptions and experiences with medication-related activities in the emergency department: a qualitative study.BMJ open quality · 2023Article
- Adverse drug reactions and associated patient characteristics in older community-dwelling adults: a 6-year prospective cohort study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Prevalence and determinants of medication administration errors in clinical wards: A two-centre prospective observational study.Journal of clinical nursing · 2023Observational
- A Narrative Review of Adverse Event Detection, Monitoring, and Prevention in Indian Hospitals.Cureus · 2022Review
- Development and assessment of PharmaCheck: an electronic screening tool for the prevention of twenty major adverse drug events.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Article
- Prevalence and determinants of intravenous admixture preparation errors: A prospective observational study in a university hospital.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2022Observational
- Medication-related adverse events in health care-what have we learned? A narrative overview of the current knowledge.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Review
- The Importance of Direct Patient Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in the Safety Monitoring Process.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Association between neonatal intensive care unit medication safety practices, adverse events, and death.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- The Burden of Preventable Adverse Drug Events on Hospital Stay and Healthcare Costs in Japanese Pediatric Inpatients: The JADE Study.Clinical medicine insights. Pediatrics · 2021Article
- Prescription Medication Use in Older Adults Without Major Cardiovascular Disease Enrolled in the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) Clinical Trial.Pharmacotherapy · 2020Article
- Influence of metabolic profiles on the safety of drug therapy in routine care in Germany: protocol of the cohort study EMPAR.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Genetic variation in the Estonian population: pharmacogenomics study of adverse drug effects using electronic health records.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe growing evidence of the increased frequency and severity of adverse drug events (ADEs), besides the negative impact on patient's health status, indicates that costs due to ADEs may be steadily rising. Observational studies are an important tool in pharmacovigilance. Despite these studies being more susceptible to bias than experimental designs, they are more competent in assessing ADEs and their associated costs.
objectiveTo identify and characterize the best available evidence on ADE-associated costs.
methodsMEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from 1995 to 2015. Observational studies were included. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration tool for experimental and observational studies. Studies were classified according to the setting analyzed in "ambulatory", "hospital", or both. Costs were classified as "direct" and "indirect". Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The total incremental cost per patient with ADE was estimated.
resultsTwenty-nine (94%) longitudinal observational studies and two (7%) cross-sectional studies were included. Twenty-three (74%) studies were assessed with the highest methodological quality score. The studies were mainly conducted in the US (61%). Twenty (65%) studies evaluated any therapeutic group. Twenty (65%) studies estimated costs of ADEs leading to or prolonging hospitalization. The "direct costs" were evaluated in all studies, whereas only two (7%) also estimated the "indirect costs". The "direct costs" in ambulatory ranged from €702.21 to €40,273.08, and the in hospital from €943.40 to €7,192.36. DISCUSSION: Methodological heterogeneities were identified among the included studies, such as design, type of ADEs, suspected drugs, and type and structure of costs. Despite such discrepancies, the financial burden associated with ADE costs was found to be high. In the light of the present findings, validated methods to measure ADE-associated costs need future research efforts.
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