SynthesisBritish journal of cancer2016
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of tumour budding in colorectal cancer.
Synthesis in British journal of cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tumor budding as an indicator of prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Tumor Budding and Poor Prognosis in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Pooled it
- Tumor budding and the prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.International journal of colorectal disease · 2023Pooled it
- Tumor Budding as a Marker for Poor Prognosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) After R0 Gastrectomy for Cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2018Pooled it
- Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2018Pooled it
- Recommendations for reporting tumor budding in colorectal cancer based on the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) 2016.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2017Guideline
- Analysis of tumor microenvironmental features to refine prognosis by T, N risk group in patients with stage III colon cancer (NCCTG N0147) (Alliance).Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2020Trial
- An exploratory multimodal pipeline for recurrence prediction in CRC with XELOX therapy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Impact of tumor budding on recurrence risk prediction in stage I-III colorectal cancer: a Swedish cohort study.American journal of clinical pathology · 2026Article
- Integrating Tumor Budding and the Invasive-Front Microenvironment in Colorectal Carcinoma: An Exploratory Histopathological Score-Based Association Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Preoperative prediction of tumor budding grade in rectal cancer by combining APT histogram analysis and ADC MRI.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Preoperative synthetic magnetic resonance imaging-based biomarkers for predicting tumor budding of rectal cancer.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptomics reveals a molecular tumor budding signature in head and neck cancer.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- Distance-based evaluation of tumor budding in colorectal cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Multi-DECT image-based radiomics with interpretable machine learning for preoperative prediction of tumor budding grade and prognosis in colorectal cancer: a dual-center study.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Article
- Primary tissue metabolic fingerprinting for efficient diagnosis of lymph node metastasis and metabolic reprogramming mechanisms in colorectal cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Adverse Histopathological Features in Colorectal Cancer Associated with KRAS rs61764370 SNP: A Preliminary Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Metastasis-Free Survival in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence After Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan (MSUG94 Group).Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Mechanical observables of cancer invasion: actin, adhesion, and metastatic plasticity.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTumour budding is a histological finding in epithelial cancers indicating an unfavourable phenotype. Previous studies have demonstrated that it is a negative prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer (CRC), and has been proposed as an additional factor to incorporate into staging protocols.
methodsA systematic review of papers until March 2016 published on Embase, Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central and Cochrane databases pertaining to tumour budding in CRC was performed. Study end points were the presence of lymph node metastases, recurrence (local and distal) and 5-year cancer-related death.
resultsA total of 7821 patients from 34 papers were included, with a mean rate of tumour budding of 36.8±16.5%. Pooled analysis suggested that specimens exhibiting tumour budding were significantly associated with lymph node positivity (OR 4.94, 95% CI 3.96-6.17, P<0.00001), more likely to develop disease recurrence over the time period (OR 5.50, 95% CI 3.64-8.29, P<0.00001) and more likely to lead to cancer-related death at 5 years (OR 4.51, 95% CI 2.55-7.99, P<0.00001).
conclusionsTumour budding in CRC is strongly predictive of lymph node metastases, recurrence and cancer-related death at 5 years, and its incorporation into the CRC staging algorithm will contribute to more effective risk stratification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.