ArticlePloS one2016
Co-Expansion of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells and Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells for CAR T-Cell Therapy.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances inMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- CAR-engineering of innate and innate-like immune cells: a new horizon in adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Harnessing CAR-Extracellular Vesicles for Next-Generation Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Donor-Derived Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Promising "Off-the-Shelf" Immunotherapy Approach.Cancers · 2025Article
- Review
- Prospects for γδ T cells and chimeric antigen receptor γδ T cells in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- CAR-NKT Cells in Asthma: Use of NKT as a Promising Cell for CAR Therapy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Review
- Editorial on "Cell Therapy, Bispecific Antibodies and Other Immunotherapies against Cancer".Cancers · 2023Article
- Innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cells in cancer - at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023Review
- CAR-NKT cell therapy: a new promising paradigm of cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Immunotherapies inducing immunogenic cell death in cancer: insight of the innate immune system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Broadening the horizon: potential applications of CAR-T cells beyond current indications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- CXCR4 and anti-BCMA CAR co-modified natural killer cells suppress multiple myeloma progression in a xenograft mouse model.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Article
- Vγ9Vδ2 T cells expressing a BCMA-Specific chimeric antigen receptor inhibit multiple myeloma xenograft growth.PloS one · 2022Article
- Influence of Culture Conditions on Ex Vivo Expansion of T Lymphocytes and Their Function for Therapy: Current Insights and Open Questions.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Review
- Manufacturing NKG2D CAR-T cells with piggyBac transposon vectors and K562 artificial antigen-presenting cells.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2021Article
- State-of-Art of Cellular Therapy for Acute Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Cellular Immunotherapy Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Preclinical Evidence and Clinical Perspective.Cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, which are a heterogeneous population of T lymphocytes and natural killer T (NKT) cells, have been separately expanded ex vivo and shown to be capable of targeting and mediating cytotoxicity against various tumor cells in a major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted manner. However, the co-expansion and co-administration of these immune cells have not been explored. In this study we describe an efficient method to expand simultaneously both CIK and Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, termed as CIKZ cells, from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Zometa, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), anti-CD3 antibody and engineered K562 feeder cells expressing CD64, CD137L and CD86. A 21-day culture of PBMCs with this method yielded nearly 20,000-fold expansion of CIKZ cells with γδ T cells making up over 20% of the expanded population. The expanded CIKZ cells exhibited antitumor cytotoxicity and could be modified to express anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), anti-CEA CAR, and anti-HER2 CAR to enhance their specificity and cytotoxicity against CD19-, CEA-, or HER2-positive tumor cells. The tumor inhibitory activity of anti-CD19 CAR-modified CIKZ cells was further demonstrated in vivo in a Raji tumor mouse model. The findings herein substantiate the feasibility of co-expanding CIK and γδ cells for adoptive cellular immunotherapy applications such as CAR T-cell therapy against cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.