ArticlePhysiological reports2016
Respiratory rate variability in sleeping adults without obstructive sleep apnea.
Article in Physiological reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Sensing Technologies for Wearable Sleep Staging.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Predicting sleep state from continuous positive airway pressure flow in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep medicine · 2026Article
- A soft wearable near-infrared spectroscopy system for detecting brain water dynamics linked to glymphatic activity during sleep.Science advances · 2026Article
- Combined NY1301 and DDMP on Sleep and Autonomic Function in Summer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The sonic energy of background music impacts cognitive performances: a behavioral and physiological investigation.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2025Article
- Sleep EEG and respiratory biomarkers of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP): a case-control study.The Lancet. Neurology · 2025Article
- Apnea detection using wrist actigraphy in patients with heterogeneous sleep disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sleep Parameters of Breathing and Cognitive Function in a Diverse Hispanic/Latino Cohort.CHEST pulmonary · 2025Article
- Transforming Sleep Monitoring: Review of Wearable and Remote Devices Advancing Home Polysomnography and Their Role in Predicting Neurological Disorders.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Enhancing sleep stage classification with ballistocardiogram signals: feature selection using attention mechanism and XGBoost.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Technical challenges in REM sleep microstructure classification: A study of patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder.Journal of sleep research · 2024Article
- Clinical Validation of Respiratory Rate Estimation Using Acoustic Signals from a Wearable Device.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- A non-invasive method to monitor respiratory muscle effort during mechanical ventilation.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2024Article
- Overnight Sleep Staging Using Chest-Worn Accelerometry.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Combining a wireless radar sleep monitoring device with deep machine learning techniques to assess obstructive sleep apnea severity.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Wireless monitoring of respiration with EEG reveals relationships between respiration, behavior, and brain activity in freely moving mice.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- InsightSleepNet: the interpretable and uncertainty-aware deep learning network for sleep staging using continuous Photoplethysmography.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- [A wearable six-minute walk-based system to predict postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac valve surgery: an exploratory study].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2023Article
- Repeated seizures lead to progressive ventilatory dysfunction in SSJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Validating a Consumer Smartwatch for Nocturnal Respiratory Rate Measurements in Sleep Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Characterizing respiratory rate variability (RRV) in humans during sleep is challenging, since it requires the analysis of respiratory signals over a period of several hours. These signals are easily distorted by movement and volitional inputs. We applied the method of spectral analysis to the nasal pressure transducer signal in 38 adults with no obstructive sleep apnea, defined by an apnea-hypopnea index <5, who underwent all-night polysomnography (PSG). Our aim was to detect and quantitate RRV during the various sleep stages, including wakefulness. The nasal pressure transducer signal was acquired at 100 Hz and consecutive frequency spectra were generated for the length of the PSG with the Fast Fourier Transform. For each spectrum, we computed the amplitude ratio of the first harmonic peak to the zero frequency peak (H1/DC), and defined as RRV as (100 - H1/DC) %. RRV was greater during wakefulness compared to any sleep stage, including rapid-eye-movement. Furthermore, RRV correlated with the depth of sleep, being lowest during N3. Patients spent most their sleep time supine, but we found no correlation between RRV and body position. There was a correlation between respiratory rate and sleep stage, being greater in wakefulness than in any sleep stage. We conclude that RRV varies according to sleep stage. Moreover, spectral analysis of nasal pressure signal appears to provide a valid measure of RRV during sleep. It remains to be seen if the method can differentiate normal from pathological sleep patterns.
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