ArticleThe Annals of thoracic surgery2016
Potassium and Magnesium Supplementation Do Not Protect Against Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Operation: A Time-Matched Analysis.
Article in The Annals of thoracic surgery, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04641611 (Effect of Venous Cannulation Technique on the Incidence of Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Venous Cannulation Technique on the Incidence of Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary interventions in the management of atrial fibrillation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical Risk Factors for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation among Patients after Cardiac Surgery.The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon · 2019Pooled it
- Article
- Ionized magnesium levels and atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery - The iMagic Prospective Cohort Study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence to predict biomarkers for new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting.Turk gogus kalp damar cerrahisi dergisi · 2025Article
- A Review on the Etiologies of the Development of Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery: clinical practice review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Review
- Evaluation of Perioperative Beta-Blockers and Factors Associated with Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery: A Single Center Experience.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Clinician preference instrumental variable analysis of the effectiveness of magnesium supplementation for atrial fibrillation prophylaxis in critical care.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- Predictive Capability of Metabolic Panels for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery Patients.The Journal of surgical research · 2022Article
- Guiding Efficient, Effective, and Patient-Oriented Electrolyte Replacement in Critical Care: An Artificial Intelligence Reinforcement Learning Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Nudging within learning health systems: next generation decision support to improve cardiovascular care.European heart journal · 2022Article
- L-Carnitine supplementation for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation in aortic valve surgery.General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2021Article
- Examination of Electrolyte Replacements in the ICU Utilizing MIMIC-III Dataset Demonstrates Redundant Replacement Patterns.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Importance of left atrial mechanical function as a predictor of atrial fibrillation risk following cardiac surgery.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2021Article
- The Role of Magnesium in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation with Rapid Ventricular Rate.Journal of atrial fibrillation · 2020Article
- Are Serum Potassium and Magnesium Levels Associated with Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery?Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2020Observational
- Post-operative atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite a lack of demonstrated efficacy, potassium and magnesium supplementation are commonly thought to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac operation. Our aim was to evaluate the natural time course of electrolyte level changes after cardiac operation and their relation to POAF occurrence.
methodsData were reviewed from 2,041 adult patients without preoperative AF who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, valve operation, or both between 2009 and 2013. In patients with POAF, the plasma potassium and magnesium levels nearest to the first AF onset time were compared with time-matched electrolyte levels in patients without AF.
resultsPOAF occurred in 752 patients (36.8%). At the time of AF onset or the matched time point, patients with POAF had higher potassium (4.30 versus 4.21 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and magnesium (2.33 versus 2.16 mg/dL, p < 0.001) levels than controls. A stepwise increase in AF risk occurred with increasing potassium or magnesium quintile (p < 0.001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, magnesium level was an independent predictor of POAF (odds ratio 4.26, p < 0.001), in addition to age, Caucasian race, preoperative β-blocker use, valve operation, and postoperative pneumonia. Prophylactic potassium supplementation did not reduce the POAF rate (37% versus 37%, p = 0.813), whereas magnesium supplementation was associated with increased POAF (47% versus 36%, p = 0.005).
conclusionsHigher serum potassium and magnesium levels were associated with increased risk of POAF after cardiac operation. Potassium supplementation was not protective against POAF, and magnesium supplementation was even associated with increased POAF risk. These findings help explain the poor efficacy of electrolyte supplementation in POAF prophylaxis.
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