ArticleThe Lancet. Global health2016
Prevention of sexual transmission of Ebola in Liberia through a national semen testing and counselling programme for survivors: an analysis of Ebola virus RNA results and behavioural data.
Article in The Lancet. Global health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT04448145 (Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in Host Reservoirs, Post-viral Sequelae, and Associations With Host and Viral Determinants in a Cohort of Convalescent COVID-19 Cases), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in Host Reservoirs, Post-viral Sequelae, and Associations With Host and Viral Determinants in a Cohort of Convalescent COVID-19 Cases
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Ebola Vaccine: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2021Guideline
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- Five-year immunogenicity and safety follow-up of the PREVAC randomized Trial of Vaccines for Zaire Ebola Virus Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Characterization of atypical Ebola virus disease in ferrets.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Characterization of Atypical Ebola Virus Disease in Ferrets.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Can Marburg virus be sexually transmitted?Health science reports · 2024Article
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- Detection and persistence of Zika virus in body fluids and associated factors: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A Single Case Observation: Is the Ebola Virus Soluble Glycoprotein an Indicator of Viral Recrudescence?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Ebola Virus Persistence in Semen of Survivors in Liberia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
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- Tale of Viruses in Male Infertility.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Remdesivir and EIDD-1931 Interact with Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters 1 and 2: Implications for Reaching SARS-CoV-2 Viral Sanctuary Sites.Molecular pharmacology · 2021Article
- Vector Competence ofViruses · 2021Article
- Comparative analysis of viral infection outcomes in human seminal fluid from prior viral epidemics and Sars-CoV-2 may offer trends for viral sexual transmissibility and long-term reproductive health implications.Reproductive health · 2021Review
- COVID-19 Pandemic and Male Fertility: Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenic Mechanisms.Biochemistry. Biokhimiia · 2021Review
- Persistence of Ebola virus in semen among Ebola virus disease survivors in Sierra Leone: A cohort study of frequency, duration, and risk factors.PLoS medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Implications of RNA Viruses in the Male Reproductive Tract: An Outlook on SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Testicular Immune Regulation: A Delicate Balance Between Immune Function and Immune Privilege.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
34 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEbola virus has been detected in semen of Ebola virus disease survivors after recovery. Liberia's Men's Health Screening Program (MHSP) offers Ebola virus disease survivors semen testing for Ebola virus. We present preliminary results and behavioural outcomes from the first national semen testing programme for Ebola virus.
methodsThe MHSP operates out of three locations in Liberia: Redemption Hospital in Montserrado County, Phebe Hospital in Bong County, and Tellewoyan Hospital in Lofa County. Men aged 15 years and older who had an Ebola treatment unit discharge certificate are eligible for inclusion. Participants' semen samples were tested for Ebola virus RNA by real-time RT-PCR and participants received counselling on safe sexual practices. Participants graduated after receiving two consecutive negative semen tests. Counsellors collected information on sociodemographics and sexual behaviours using questionnaires administered at enrolment, follow up, and graduation visits. Because the programme is ongoing, data analysis was restricted to data obtained from July 7, 2015, to May 6, 2016.
findingsAs of May 6, 2016, 466 Ebola virus disease survivors had enrolled in the programme; real-time RT-PCR results were available from 429 participants. 38 participants (9%) produced at least one semen specimen that tested positive for Ebola virus RNA. Of these, 24 (63%) provided semen specimens that tested positive 12 months or longer after Ebola virus disease recovery. The longest interval between discharge from an Ebola treatment unit and collection of a positive semen sample was 565 days. Among participants who enrolled and provided specimens more than 90 days since their Ebola treatment unit discharge, men older than 40 years were more likely to have a semen sample test positive than were men aged 40 years or younger (p=0·0004). 84 (74%) of 113 participants who reported not using a condom at enrolment reported using condoms at their first follow-up visit (p<0·0001). 176 (46%) of 385 participants who reported being sexually active at enrolment reported abstinence at their follow-up visit (p<0·0001).
interpretationDuration of detection of Ebola virus RNA by real-time RT-PCR varies by individual and might be associated with age. By combining behavioural counselling and laboratory testing, the Men's Health Screening Program helps male Ebola virus disease survivors understand their individual risk and take appropriate measures to protect their sexual partners.
fundingWorld Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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